/* *****************************************************************************
 * A.L.E (Arcade Learning Environment)
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2013 by Yavar Naddaf, Joel Veness, Marc G. Bellemare,
 *  Matthew Hausknecht, and the Reinforcement Learning and Artificial Intelligence
 *  Laboratory
 * Released under the GNU General Public License; see License.txt for details.
 *
 * Based on: Stella  --  "An Atari 2600 VCS Emulator"
 * Copyright (c) 1995-2007 by Bradford W. Mott and the Stella team
 *
 * *****************************************************************************
 *  fifoExample.cpp
 *
 *  Sample code for running a FIFO agent. This interface is provided for
 *  broader language compatibility; we recommend using the shared interface for
 *  C++ agents.
 **************************************************************************** */

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>

// From RL-Glue agent example.
int randInRange(int max) {
  double r, x;
  r = ((double)rand() / ((double)(RAND_MAX) + (double)(1)));
  x = (r * (max + 1));
  return (int)x;
}

// Print the RAM string
void printRAM(char* str) {
  // First we parse the ram (for pedagogical purposes)
  std::vector<int> ram;

  for (int offset = 0; offset < 128; offset++) {
    // Crude but effective
    char buffer[16];
    buffer[0] = str[offset * 2];
    buffer[1] = str[offset * 2 + 1];
    buffer[2] = 0;

    int value = strtol(buffer, NULL, 16);

    ram.push_back(value);
  }

  // Now, if so desired, regurgitate the RAM.
  const bool printRAM = false;

  if (printRAM)
    for (int row = 0; row < 8; row++) {
      for (int col = 0; col < 16; col++)
        fprintf(stdout, "%2x ", ram[col + row * 16]);
      fprintf(stdout, "\n");
    }
}

// Read in RAM and RL data.
bool readData(FILE* alePipe) {
  char buffer[65535];
  fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), alePipe);

  // Find the first colon, corresponding to the end of the RAM data
  char* endRAM = strchr(buffer, ':');
  printRAM(buffer);

  // Now parse the terminal bit
  bool terminal = (endRAM[1] == '1');

  // Also output reward whenever nonzero
  int reward = strtol(&endRAM[3], NULL, 10);
  if (reward != 0)
    std::cout << "Reward: " << reward << std::endl;

  return terminal;
}

void agentMain(FILE* alePipe) {
  // Read in screen width and height
  char buffer[1024];
  fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), alePipe);

  std::cout << "ALE says: " << buffer << std::endl;

  // Request RAM & RL data from ALE
  fputs("0,1,0,1\n", alePipe);

  int frameNumber = 0;

  // Now loop until the episode terminates.
  while (true) {
    // Read in data
    bool terminal = readData(alePipe);

    frameNumber++;

    if (terminal)
      break;

    // Write back a random action.
    fprintf(alePipe, "%d,%d\n", randInRange(17), 18);
  }

  std::cout << "Episode lasted " << frameNumber << " frames" << std::endl;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  if (argc < 2) {
    std::cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " rom_file" << std::endl;
    std::cerr
        << "Note: This example must be run from the same directory as the ALE "
           "executable ('ale')."
        << std::endl;
    return 1;
  }

  std::string romFile(argv[1]);

  // We actually fork two processes, ALE itself and an agent
  std::string aleCmd("./ale -game_controller fifo ");
  aleCmd += romFile;

  // Spawn the ALE in read/write mode
  // We could also use named pipes but that is a bit messier
  FILE* alePipe = popen(aleCmd.c_str(), "r+");

  // Now run the agent & communicate with the ale
  agentMain(alePipe);

  pclose(alePipe);
}