// translation rules for Irish Gaeilge // This file is UTF-8 encoded // written by Ronan McGuirk 2013 // Version 2.8.3 // Please send comments and suggestions to espeak.gaeilge@gmail.com // Conditional rules // ?1 allow eclipsis as 2 separate words .L01 e i é í // slender vowels .L02 c ch d g gh n s // following ea gets ; sounds .L03 b bh mb c ch f m mh dh p ph // used for words likemuir or cuid .L04 b bh mb // for words like beag .L05 nn nna nnas dh r s ntas nach nas nais dar mar rtha nta mh chas chais cht chta nnach ntach llach d l ll // word endings where @ is to repleace ea or a .L06 aidh idh aí á eá eadh adh ad ead adsa eadsa imid aimid imis aimis ainn ainnse inn innse idís aidís éin // word endings where f changes to h .L07 b c g ch bh gh mb .L08 lc ll nt bhse // for words like cailc .L09 cl cr chr f .L10 c ch p ph gl ghl .L11 c dh gh the s nn nne nt tiúil tiúla tíochta theoir theora ste steach ll llí llín g gí mse // word endings preceded by ai .L12 á é ó eo ua // when followed by i .L13 oc omb .L14 río dún gnío // followed with mh .L15 c ch f bhf fh m d dh g gc gh mh // aoi following .L16 b c bh ch gr ghr t th // for inn word ending .L17 l le li niste nn .L18 n nt nte neann neadh ntear nim nfear nfinn nfidh nfidis neamar .L19 na nea ra rea la llea arga // word endings with silent dh .L20 eo eoir eá eabh io iu iú // slender m .L21 ll nn nna nnta ndán nntán nntáin .L22 eadh eag eaga eagán eagáinín eo io iu iú eall eabh ealtaine eann .L23 ea eo i .L24 b mb bh g gh p ph bp m mh .replace ḃ bh ċ ch ḋ dh ḟ fh ġ gh ṁ mh ṗ ph ṫ th ċ ch .group a a 0# a (_ @ adh (a aI // words like radharc adh (C aI abht aU#t[ amhr aUr // words like amhras amha aU@ K) amhl aUl abh (C aU // words like slabhra aghaidh aIg t) abhair u:@r th) abhair u:@r t) abhar u:@r th) abhar u:@r _) an (sL01 @n _) a (nA @ _) an (_ @n _) an (- '0n // an prefix é) a @ // words like féach X) a (nn_ aU# X) a (ll_ aU# abha aU@ abhai aU@ am (pla aUm ama (_ aU#m@ athair 'ah@r _) amh aU agha aI@ agh (d aI agh (s aI _) ath 0h a (rraige a ai (m_ @ aí 'i: aí (_ %i: aoi @i: _) aoi i: ath) aoi (r 'i:@ r) aoi (nín 'e:@ aoicht (_ 'i:@xt[ d) aoine (_ @i:n;%i: C) ao (C @e:@ _L24) ao (C w'e:@ C) ao (th_ @e: b) ao (++ we:@ b) ao (th_++ we: ao @e _) ao e: ae e: amhna (_ aUn@ arraing arIng _) ath (@@P3 ,0_ _) athr '0hr _) ard (@P3 A:rd[ .group á á A: @) á ,A: ádh A: áthair (_ A:h@r áthar A:h@r ái (p A: áinig A:nIg ái 'A:i .group ai ai a# L04) ai (L17 0# aile (_ '0l;E // words like baile Xc) ai (lA '0# ch) ai (lA '0# m) ai (n 0# c) ai (th 0# ch) ai (th 0# ai (lleach 0# ai (tín 0# ai (d 0# p) ai (l 0# @) ai (L11_ I ai (L08++ aI# c) ai (l_ I ai (msi 'aI // words like aimsir _L04) ai (L18_++ u1'I//words like bain c) ai (t_ u1'I s) ai (bh E sh) ai (bh E aighre aIr@ X) aigh 'aI aigh aI# _L04) aill (_ wi:l aing (_ Ing ailleach '0l;@x ai (llimh++ '0 // words like Gaillimh aidhm aIm .group b b b // broad L01) b b; // slender b (L22 bj //slender bh v // broad bh (_ vv bh (L22 vj // slender L01) bh v ?1 _m_) b (@ _) bhf v // urú broad _) bhf (L22 v; // urú slender _) bp b // urú broad _) bp (L01 b; // urú slender ?1 _) bh (_f v // urú broad ?1 _) bh (_fL22 v; // urú slender ?1 _) b (_p b // urú broad ?1 _) b (_pL01 b; // urú slender a) bh (a U // for example cabhair ear) bha u: // words like Cearbhall bhfaigh v'aI _) beann (@ ba#n _) bheann (@ va#n _) bun (C@P3 b,Un ?1 _m_) bun (C@P3 ,Un _) bpríomh (@P7 bR,i:v .group c c k c (L01 k; // slender ch x ch (L01 C; ch (é+ C; ch (ei+ x; ?1 _g_) c (@ ?1 _g_) c (L01 _) cabhr k'aUr _) chabhr x'aUr _) ceann (C@P5 k;,aUn _) cheann (C@P6 C;,aUn _) comh (@@P4 k,o: _) chomh (@@P5 x,o: comhar k'o:@r chomhar x'o:@r comhair k'o:@r chomhair x'o:@r .group d d d[ // broad L01) d dZ // slender d (L22 dZ // slender d (L01 d; // slender d (CL01 dZ i) d (i dZ ?1 _n_) d (@ dh Q // broad dh (ui Q // broad dh (ao Q // broad dh (L01 j // slender _) dt d[ // broad urú _) dt (L01 dZ // slender urú ?1 _) d (_t d[ ?1 _) d (_tL01 dZ _) d' (@P2 d _) d' d _) d (_'fh d d'fh (L01 d dhaoine Q@i:n;%i: i) dh (_ g a) dh (_ X o) dh (_ X L19) dh (_ // silent dh at wrd end Va) dh (_+ deartháir dr@h'A:r dheartháir gr@h'A:r deirfiúr d;r@f'u:r dheirfiúr g;r@f'u:r domhan d[aU@n _) do (Ch@@P2 d[,U_ _) dí (C@@P2 d,i: dícheall d;'i:Ca#l .group e e E# eá A: ei E eidh (C aI r) ei (m aI eighea aI eighea aI s) ei (nn aI sh) ei (nn aI eigh aI eo o: eoi o: eoi (CC_ o:I eoi (g o:I eogha o: eoghai o: d) eo (ch O# dh) eo (ch O# _) eo (ch O# _h) eo (ch O# s) eo (_ @ .group é é 'e: éi 'e: éa 'e: _) éi (rig aI // words like éirigh _h) éi (rí aI _) éi (rí aI // words like éirí _) éireoidh aIro:Ig éacs e:@ks .group ea ea a# eai a# X) ea (L21_ aU ea (ltaine aU g) ea (ll aU l) eamh (n aU Kdr) ea (m aU X) ea (ch 0 _L04) ea (g @ _L04) ea (dh_ @ _L04) eagn @gn L04) eaga (_ @g@ eaghl aIl eabhra aUr@ // words like Feabhra eabhs aUs eanbhean 'an@v,an eadhb aIb .group f f f // broad f (L22 f; // slender fh // silent fh (éin_ h fh (L22 ; // slender @) f (L06_ h fios fIs faoi fw'i: fhios Is _) fo (C@@P2 f,U _) fogh f'aU _) forb f'Orb _) foc (@++ fOk ?1 _bh_) f (@ ?1 _bh_) f (L22 ; _) fíor (@P4 f,i:r .group g g g // broad g (L01 g; // slender ?1 _n_) g (@ gh Q" _) gh (L01 Q"j _) gc g // urú broad _) gc (L01 g; // urú slender ?1 _) g (_c g // urú broad ?1 _) g (_cL01 g; // urú slender i) gh (_ g @C) gh (@ X _) gn g@n gh (n X@ gheobh j'o: gabh gaU ghabh Q"aU _) gearr (C@@P5 g;,aR _) ghearr (C@@P6 Q"j,aR _) gnáth (@@P5 g@n,A: _) ghnáth (@P6 X@n,A: .group h h h // silent .group i i I _) i I ia i@ iu U ia (tha i: io O# iond O#n@d[ ioml O#m@l io (dá I _) io (nadh u:// words like ionadh s) io (mb I sh) io (mb I _pr) io (n u: L16) inn (_ i:n iai i:i impeall i:mp@l io (s I //words like fios and liosta L12) i i // non syllabic short i after long vowel iú u: m) i (d_ i: // verb ending _) in (@@P2 ,In_ _) inn In _) in (tinn 'In _) ionad (C@@P5 ,Ona#d[ .group í í 'i: íomh 'i:v íochn 'i:xn í (_ i: ín (_ i:n ío i:@ íle (_ 'i:lE .group l l l // broad L01) l l; // slender l (L23 l; //slender ll l ll (L23 l; l (g l@ l (b l@ L01) l (b l;@ ll (b l _) lorg (@@P4 l,Or@g _) lán (@@P3 l,A:n .group m m m // broad m (L20 m; //slender mh v mh (L20 v; // slender _) mb m // urú _) mb (L22 m; // urú slender ?1 _) m (_b m // urú ?1 _) m (_bL22 m; // urú slender _) m (n m@// words like mná L14) mh v _) mh (n v@ léir) mheas vas r) m @m // words like gorm r) m (L20 @m; _) mear (@@P4 m,ar _) mí (C@@P2 m,i: .group n n n // broad n (L01 n; // slender ?1 _) n (_L01 n; _) nd n // urú _) nd (L01 n; // urú slender ng N ng (L01 N; ?1 _) n (_d n // urú ?1 _) n (_dL01 n; // urú slender ?1 _) n (_g N ?1 _) n (_gL01 N; nn n nn (L01 nj // slender i) nn (_ N n (b n@ n (m n@ n (bh n@ n (ch n@ c) n @n ch) n @n _) nasc (C@@ n,0sk .group o o O# _) o 'O C) o (cht_ 'O orn (_ 'Or@n _C) omh o: _CC) omh o: omha o:@ omhai o:@ o (ll_ aU C) o (nn_ aU r) o (nn_ O# C) ogh aU omhain (_ aUIn odha aU opaic @pIk C) odh (_ o: odl (a O#l oí i: o (rd_ o: o (ird_ o: _) oll (@@P3 ,Ol .group ó ó 'o: ómhai o:@ ói (p@ 'o: .group oi oi O _L15) oi (+ @'I _) oi (b I oi (de I oi (di I oi (c_ I h) oi (b I _) oi (r I r) oi I l) oi (n I f) oi (lC aI l) oi (g I fh) oi (lC aI s) oi (ls aI# c) oi (c aI# oi (nnío @ oi (mis @ ois (++ O#S n) ois (_++ IS oill (+ w'i:l _) oi (leá 'I oidh aI oir (_ 'ERR l) oic (_ Ek _sc) oi (r O oigh (ea aI oighn aIXn oinse (_ @i:nS@ oi (nte @i: .group p p p // broad ph f // broad p (L22 p; // slender ph (L20 f; // slender ?1 _b_) p (@ _) príomh (@P6 pR,i:v _) phríomh (@P7 fR,i:v .group r r r // broad L01) r R // slender r (L01 R _) r (L01 r L12i) r (e_ Z L12i) r (t_ Z rr R rg r@g rgh rQ" L01) rg R@g // slender r (bh r@ s) r (A R _) ramh raU _) réamh (@P5 r,e:v .group s s s // broad L01) s S // slender s (L01 S // slender s (CL01 S s (CCL01 S // slender s (pCé s // broad ?1 _t_) s (@ sh h sh (CL01 h sh (L01 h; s (lL01 S _') s (_ s // 's in poems etc _) sain (@P4 s,an _) sean (@@P4 S,an .group t t t[ // broad L01) t c // slender t (í++n tS // slender t (eo++ tS t (L01 c // slender ?1 _) t (_L01 c L01C) t tS // slender after consonant t (CL01 tS // slender with following consonant before vowels ?1 _d_) t (@ th h th (L01 h; L01C) th h _) ts t[ // eclipsis broad _) ts (L01 t; // eclipsis slender ?1 _) t (_s t[ // eclipsis broad ?1 _) t (_sL01 t; // eclipsis slender L01) th h taine (_ t[In%E ao) th (_ thne (_ h@nE A) th (_ // silent th at word end c) th (e_ ih // guta cúnta K) th (as_ @h // guta cúnta .group u u U# ua u@ ua (_ u:@ uai u@ uai (g ui uai (d ui uainn u:iN uá u:'A: ui I uinn (_ 'i:n uinti U#'i:ntI _b) uí wi: _bh) uí wi: g) uí wi: gh) uí wi: umh u: L03) ui @I _d) u (l_ O# g) ui (gh_ @i: gh) ui (gh_ @i: uí i: uíomh 'i:@vv uachai 'ux@ _) uimhir (C@P6 ,IvIR uibhne (_ @'i:n;E uibhneach (_ @'i:n@x .group ú ú u: únmh u:nv úi u: úinn (_ u:IN úibh (_ u:Iv úi (g u:i // words which contain j k q v w x y z, speak as English .group j j _^_EN .group k k _^_EN .group q q _^_EN .group v v v v (L22 vj // slender L22) v vj // slender véarsa vje:rs@ .group w w _^_EN .group x x _^_EN .group y y _^_EN .group z z _^_EN