// Spelling to Phoneme rules for: Ancient Greek // Preliminary character substitution: // Convert tonos, oxia and perispomeni to varia // Remove psili (soft breathing) // Convert dasia accent to a separate prefix character ("ɦ") NOTE: using U+0266 because it's above eSpeak's Latin character limit of 0x250. // Remove iota subscripts // Replace Latin characters by same-shape Greek characters .replace ′ ' a α // Latin->Greek o ο v ν A Α B Β E Ε Z Ζ H Η I Ι K Κ M Μ N Ν O Ο P Ρ T Τ Y Υ X Χ // replace Latin characters by Greek equivalents th θ ph φ kh χ ps ψ b β g γ d δ e ε z ζ q η // (long e; not standard transliteration but may be easier to type than η) i ι k κ l λ m μ n ν x ξ p π r ρ s σ t τ u υ y υ w ω // (long o; not standard transliteration but may be easier to type // replace variant letter forms with their standard equivalents ϐ β // U+03d0 ϑ θ // U+03d1 ϒ υ // U+03d2 ϕ φ // U+03d5 ϖ π // U+03d6 ϰ κ // U+03f0 ϱ ρ // U+03f1 ϲ ς // U+03f2 ϴ θ // U+03f4 ϵ ε // U+03f5 Ϲ ς // U+03f9 // alpha ά ὰ // tonos ά ὰ // oxia ᾴ ᾲ ᾶ ὰ ᾷ ᾲ ἀ α ἁ ɦα ἂ ὰ ἃ ɦὰ ἄ ὰ ἅ ɦὰ ἆ ὰ ἇ ɦὰ ᾀ ᾳ ᾁ ɦᾳ ᾂ ᾲ ᾃ ɦᾲ ᾄ ᾲ ᾅ ɦᾲ ᾆ ᾲ ᾇ ɦᾲ // epsilon έ ὲ έ ὲ ἐ ε ἑ ɦε ἒ ὲ ἓ ɦὲ ἔ ὲ ἕ ɦὲ // eta ή ὴ ή ὴ ῄ ῂ ῆ ὴ ῇ ῂ ἠ η ἡ ɦη ἢ ὴ ἣ ɦὴ ἤ ὴ ἥ ɦὴ ἦ ὴ ἧ ɦὴ ᾐ ῃ ᾑ ɦῃ ᾒ ῂ ᾓ ɦῂ ᾔ ῂ ᾕ ɦῂ ᾖ ῂ ᾗ ɦῂ //iota ί ὶ ί ὶ ῖ ὶ ἰ ι ἱ ɦι ἲ ὶ ἳ ɦὶ ἴ ὶ ἵ ɦὶ ἶ ὶ ἷ ɦὶ ΐ ῒ ῗ ῒ // omicron ό ὸ ό ὸ ὀ ο ὁ ɦο ὂ ὸ ὃ ɦὸ ὄ ὸ ὅ ɦὸ // upsilon ύ ὺ ύ ὺ ῦ ὺ ὐ υ ὑ ɦυ ὒ ὺ ὓ ɦὺ ὔ ὺ ὕ ɦὺ ὖ ὺ ὗ ɦὺ ΰ ῢ ῧ ῢ // omega ώ ὼ ώ ὼ ῴ ῲ ῶ ὼ ῷ ῲ ὠ ω ὡ ɦω ὢ ὼ ὣ ɦὼ ὤ ὼ ὥ ɦὼ ὦ ὼ ὧ ɦὼ ᾠ ῳ ᾡ ɦῳ ᾢ ῲ ᾣ ɦῲ ᾤ ῲ ᾥ ɦῲ ᾦ ῲ ᾧ ɦῲ // rho ῤ ρ ῥ ɦρ .group α α a αι aI αὶ 'aI αυ aU αὺ 'aU αɦι haI αɦὶ 'haI αɦυ haU αɦὺ 'haU .group β β b .group γ γ g γγ Ng .group δ δ d .group ε ε e ει e: εὶ 'e: ευ eU εὺ 'eU εɦι he: εɦὶ 'he: εɦυ heU εɦὺ 'heU .group ζ ζ z .group η η E: ηι EI: ηὶ 'EI: ηυ EU: ηὺ 'EU: ηɦι hEI: ηɦὶ 'hEI: ηɦυ hEU: ηɦὺ 'hEU: .group θ θ T .group ι ι i .group ϊ ϊ i .group κ κ k .group λ λ l .group μ μ m .group ν ν n .group ξ ξ ks .group ο ο o οι oI οὶ 'oI ου u: οὺ 'u: οɦι hoI οɦὶ 'hoI οɦυ hu: οɦὺ 'hu: .group π π p .group ρ ρ R .group ς ς s .group σ σ s .group τ τ t .group υ υ y υι yI υὶ 'yI υɦι hyI υɦὶ 'hyI .group ϋ ϋ y ϋι yI ϋὶ 'yI ϋɦι hyI ϋɦὶ 'hyI .group φ φ f .group χ χ x .group ψ ψ ps .group ω ω O: ωι OI: ωὶ 'OI: ωυ OU: ωὺ 'OU: ωɦι hOI: ωɦὶ 'hOI: ωɦυ hOU: ωɦὺ 'hOU: .group ɦ // dasia (rough breathing) ɦ h // Latin letters to equivalent Greek sounds (plus 'q = η' 'w = ω' .group a a a ai aI au aU .group b b b .group d d d .group e e e ei e: eu eU .group f f f .group g g g gg Ng .group h h h .group i i i .group ï ï i .group j j j .group k k k kh x .group l l l .group m m m .group n n n .group o o o oi oI ou u: .group p p p ph f .group q q E: qi EI: qu EU: .group r r R .group s s s .group t t t th T .group u u y ui yI .group v v v .group w w O: wi OI wu OU .group x x x .group y y y yi yI .group z z z .group ὰ 'a ᾳ aI: ᾲ 'aI: ὲ 'e ὴ 'E: ῃ EI: ῂ 'EI: ὶ 'i ῒ 'i ὸ 'o ὺ 'y ῢ 'y ὼ 'O: ῳ OI: ῲ 'OI: ΐ 'i // diaresis + tonos ' = // apostrophe used as tonos, stress on previous syllable