// This file is UTF-8 encoded // Reference: // Allen, W. Sidney. Vox Latina — a Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Latin. // Cambridge University Press, Second edition, 2003. ISBN 0-521-37936-9. // Orthographic notes: // // In classical latin the letters A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T V X Y Z were // used. I and V were used for both the vowels /i/ and /u/, and the semivowels /j/ and // /w/. Here the distinction between U and the V for /u/ and /w/ is assumed, as is the // case in most modern texts. Also long vowels are indicated with macrons. Diaresis is // used to prevent a diphtong being formed. Y with macron has to be replaced by 'yy', // since this character is incompatible with older unicode versions. .replace â ā ê ē î ī ô ō û ū ŷ yy .L01 ae au eu oe a e i o u yy y ā ē ī ō ū ë ü é æ .L02 ng qu pr tr cr chr br dr gr pl cl bl gl ph th ch .group a a a // Weak penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenutimate a (L01X =a a (CL01X =a a (L02L01X =a a (guL01X =a a (x+ a // Diphtongs ae (+++ aI au (+++ aU .group ā ā a: .group æ æ aI .group b b b bb b: .group c c k cc k: cch k: // e.g. bracchium ch k .group d d d dd d: .group e e E // Weak penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenutimate e (L01X =E e (CL01X =E e (L02L01X =E e (guL01X =E e (x+ E // Diphtongs eu (+++ EU .group ē ē e: .group f f f ff f: .group g g g gg g: g (n N ggu (A g:w // Does this ever occur? gu (A gw //g .group h h h h: h: .group i i I // Weak penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenutimate i (L01X =I i (CL01X =I i (L02L01X =I i (guL01X =I i (x+ I // Two adjacent 'i's should be separated by a glottal stop i (iX =I? i (i I? // Cases in which 'i' is pronounced as the semi-vowel /j/ _) i (A j A) i (A+ j: // Exceptions where u is a consonant qu) i (L01X++ =I qu) i (A++ I gu) i (L01X++ =I gu) i (A++ I _u) i (L01X++ =I _u) i (A++ I Au) i (L01X++ =I Au) i (A++ I // Exceptions to the exceptions au) i (A+++ j: eu) i (A+++ j: .group ī ī i: .group k k k kk k: .group l l l ll l: .group m m m mm m: .group n n n nn n: n (g N n (c N n (k N n (x N n (q N .group o o O // Weak penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenutimate o (L01X =O o (CL01X =O o (L02L01X =O o (guL01X =O o (x+ O // Diphtongs oe (+++ OI .group ō ō o: .group p p p pp p: pph p: ph p .group qu qu kw //k .group r C) r @-* r R _) r R rr R* A) r (A R .group s s s ss s: .group t t t tt t: tth t: //Does this occur? It does at least across word boundaries e.g. leget Thyni th t .group u u U // Weak penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenutimate u (L01X =U u (CL01X =U u (L02L01X =U u (guL01X =U u (x+ U // Cases in which 'u' is pronounced as the semi-vowel /w/ A) u (A++ w _) u (A+ w .group ū ū u: .group v v w _) v w vv (+++ w: .group x x ks .group y y y // Kirshenbaum I. yy y: // Should be y with macron, which is not present in older Unicode versions .group z z z zz z: A) z (A z: .group j j w w