// syllable nuclei: vowels (any length) and diphthongs .L01 i e a o u í é á ó ú î ê â ô û ui oi ai iu eu au // front vowels (finally): after these, ht is [çt] .L02 i e í é î ê ui oi ai // back vowels (finally): after these, ht is [xt] .L03 a o u á ó ú â ô û iu eu au .replace // turn x into cs, both because that’s how it’s pronounced // and to free up x as a single letter for ch (see immediately below) x cs // turn ch, dh, th into single consonants for stress purposes ch x dh ð th þ // turn k into c: both letters are equivalent in Tolkien’s languages, // with c usually reserved for Eldarin languages and k for others k c .group a a a ai (+ aI au (+ aU // light penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenultimate a (L01X =a a (CL01X =a .group á á a: .group â â a:: .group b b b bb b: .group c c k cc k: // recall that ch was replaced with x earlier .group x x X .group d d d db d: // recall that dh was replaced with ð earlier .group ð ð D .group e e E eu (+ EU // light penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenultimate e (L01X =E e (CL01X =E .group é é e: .group ê ê e:: .group f f f f (_ v .group g g g gg g: .group h h h L02) ht Ct L03) ht xt hl l# hr hR hw w# hy C .group i i I iu (+ iu // light penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenultimate i (L01X =I i (CL01X =I .group í í i: .group î î i:: // j does not occur in Quenya // recall that k was replaced with c earlier .group l l l .group m m m .group n n n .group ng ng Ng ng (_ N .group o o O oi (+ OI // light penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenultimate o (L01X =O o (CL01X =O .group ó ó o: .group ô ô o:: .group p p p pp p: .group ph ph f A) ph (A f: .group q q kw // (immature) Qenya qu kw .group r r R .group s s s .group t t t tt t: // recall that th was replaced with þ earlier .group þ þ T .group ty ty tj .group u u u ui (+ uI // light penultimate syllable: put stress on antepenultimate u (L01X =u u (CL01X =u .group ú ú u: .group û û u:: .group v v v .group w w w // recall that x was replaced with cs earlier .group y y j // z does not occur in Quenya