... "some_string" b"\\xa3" Name None True False 1 1.0 1j True or False True or False or None True and False True and False and None (Name1 and Name2) or Name3 Name1 and Name2 or Name3 Name1 or (Name2 and Name3) Name1 or Name2 and Name3 (Name1 and Name2) or (Name3 and Name4) Name1 and Name2 or Name3 and Name4 Name1 or (Name2 and Name3) or Name4 Name1 or Name2 and Name3 or Name4 v1 << 2 1 >> v2 1 % finished 1 + v2 - v3 * 4 ^ 5 ** v6 / 7 // 8 ((1 + v2) - (v3 * 4)) ^ (((5 ** v6) / 7) // 8) not great ~great +value -1 ~int and not v1 ^ 123 + v2 | True (~int) and (not ((v1 ^ (123 + v2)) | True)) +(really ** -(confusing ** ~(operator ** -precedence))) flags & ~ select.EPOLLIN and waiters.write_task is not None lambda arg: None lambda arg : None lambda a=True: a lambda a=True : a lambda a, b, c=True: a lambda a, b, c=True, *, d=(1 << v2), e='str': a lambda a, b, c=True, *vararg, d=(v1 << 2), e='str', **kwargs: a + b lambda a, b, c=True, *vararg, d=(v1 << 2), e='str', **kwargs : a + b manylambdas = lambda x=lambda y=lambda z=1: z: y(): x() foo = (lambda port_id, ignore_missing: {"port1": port1_resource, "port2": port2_resource}[port_id]) 1 if True else 2 _ if 0else _ str or None if True else str or bytes or None (str or None) if True else (str or bytes or None) str or None if (1 if True else 2) else str or bytes or None (str or None) if (1 if True else 2) else (str or bytes or None) ((super_long_variable_name or None) if (1 if super_long_test_name else 2) else (str or bytes or None)) {'2.7': dead, '3.7': (long_live or die_hard)} {'2.7': dead, '3.7': (long_live or die_hard), **{'3.6': verygood}} {**a, **b, **c} {"2.7", "3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9"} {"2.7", "3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9",} {"2.7", "3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9", ("4.0" if gilectomy else "3.10")} ({"a": "b"}, (True or False), (+value), "string", b"bytes") or None () (1,) (1, 2) (1, 2, 3) [] [ ] [ 1 , ] [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, (10 or A), (11 or B), (12 or C)] [ 1, 2, 3, ] [*a] [*range(10)] [ *a, 4, 5, ] [ 4, *a, 5, ] [ this_is_a_very_long_variable_which_will_force_a_delimiter_split, element, another, *more, ] { } { 1 , } { 1 : 2 , } {i for i in (1, 2, 3)} {(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)} {(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))} {((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)} [i for i in (1, 2, 3)] [(i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)] [(i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))] [((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)] {i: 0 for i in (1, 2, 3)} {i: j for i, j in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))} {a: b * 2 for a, b in dictionary.items()} {a: b * -2 for a, b in dictionary.items()} { k: v for k, v in this_is_a_very_long_variable_which_will_cause_a_trailing_comma_which_breaks_the_comprehension } Python3 > Python2 > COBOL Life is Life call() call(arg) call(kwarg="hey") call(arg, kwarg="hey") call(arg, another, kwarg="hey", **kwargs) call( this_is_a_very_long_variable_which_will_force_a_delimiter_split, arg, another, kwarg="hey", **kwargs, ) # note: no trailing comma pre-3.6 call(*gidgets[:2]) call(a, *gidgets[:2]) call(**screen_kwargs) call(b, **screen_kwargs) call()()()()()() call(**self.screen_kwargs) call(b, **self.screen_kwargs) call(a=a, *args) call(a=a, *args,) call(a=a, **kwargs) call(a=a, **kwargs,) lukasz.langa.pl call.me(maybe) 1 .real 1.0 .real ....__class__ list[str] dict[str, int] tuple[str, ...] tuple[str, int, float, dict[str, int]] tuple[ str, int, float, dict[str, int], ] very_long_variable_name_filters: t.List[ t.Tuple[str, t.Union[str, t.List[t.Optional[str]]]], ] xxxx_xxxxx_xxxx_xxx: Callable[..., List[SomeClass]] = classmethod( # type: ignore sync(async_xxxx_xxx_xxxx_xxxxx_xxxx_xxx.__func__) ) xxxx_xxx_xxxx_xxxxx_xxxx_xxx: Callable[..., List[SomeClass]] = classmethod( # type: ignore sync(async_xxxx_xxx_xxxx_xxxxx_xxxx_xxx.__func__) ) xxxx_xxx_xxxx_xxxxx_xxxx_xxx: Callable[..., List[SomeClass]] = classmethod( sync(async_xxxx_xxx_xxxx_xxxxx_xxxx_xxx.__func__) ) # type: ignore (str or None) if (sys.version_info[0] > (3,)) else (str or bytes or None) {"2.7": dead, "3.7": long_live or die_hard} {"2.7", "3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9", "4.0" if gilectomy else "3.10"} [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or A, 11 or B, 12 or C] (SomeName) SomeName (Good, Bad, Ugly) (i for i in (1, 2, 3)) ((i ** 2) for i in (1, 2, 3)) ((i ** 2) for i, _ in ((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c"))) (((i ** 2) + j) for i in (1, 2, 3) for j in (1, 2, 3)) (*starred,) { "id": "1", "type": "type", "started_at": now(), "ended_at": now() + timedelta(days=10), "priority": 1, "import_session_id": 1, **kwargs, } a = (1,) b = (1,) c = 1 d = (1,) + a + (2,) e = (1,).count(1) f = 1, *range(10) g = 1, *"ten" what_is_up_with_those_new_coord_names = (coord_names + set(vars_to_create)) + set( vars_to_remove ) what_is_up_with_those_new_coord_names = (coord_names | set(vars_to_create)) - set( vars_to_remove ) result = ( session.query(models.Customer.id) .filter( models.Customer.account_id == account_id, models.Customer.email == email_address ) .order_by(models.Customer.id.asc()) .all() ) result = ( session.query(models.Customer.id) .filter( models.Customer.account_id == account_id, models.Customer.email == email_address ) .order_by( models.Customer.id.asc(), ) .all() ) Ø = set() authors.łukasz.say_thanks() authors.lukasz.say_thanks() mapping = { A: 0.25 * (10.0 / 12), B: 0.1 * (10.0 / 12), C: 0.1 * (10.0 / 12), D: 0.1 * (10.0 / 12), } [ a for [ a , ] in [ [ 1 ] ] ] def gen(): if 1: if 2: if 3: if not is_value_of_type( subkey, type_args[0], # key type is always invariant invariant_check=True, ): return False yield from outside_of_generator a = yield b = yield c = yield async def f(): await some.complicated[0].call(with_args=(True or (1 is not 1))) lambda : None print(*[] or [1]) print(**{1: 3} if False else {x: x for x in range(3)}) print(*lambda x: x) assert not Test, "Short message" assert this is ComplexTest and not requirements.fit_in_a_single_line( force=False ), "Short message" assert parens is TooMany for (x,) in (1,), (2,), (3,): ... for y in (): ... for z in (i for i in (1, 2, 3)): ... for i in call(): ... for j in 1 + (2 + 3): ... else: ... while this and that: ... while this and that: ... else: ... for ( addr_family, addr_type, addr_proto, addr_canonname, addr_sockaddr, ) in socket.getaddrinfo("google.com", "http"): pass a = ( aaaa.bbbb.cccc.dddd.eeee.ffff.gggg.hhhh.iiii.jjjj.kkkk.llll.mmmm.nnnn.oooo.pppp in qqqq.rrrr.ssss.tttt.uuuu.vvvv.xxxx.yyyy.zzzz ) a = ( aaaa.bbbb.cccc.dddd.eeee.ffff.gggg.hhhh.iiii.jjjj.kkkk.llll.mmmm.nnnn.oooo.pppp not in qqqq.rrrr.ssss.tttt.uuuu.vvvv.xxxx.yyyy.zzzz ) a = ( aaaa.bbbb.cccc.dddd.eeee.ffff.gggg.hhhh.iiii.jjjj.kkkk.llll.mmmm.nnnn.oooo.pppp is qqqq.rrrr.ssss.tttt.uuuu.vvvv.xxxx.yyyy.zzzz ) a = ( aaaa.bbbb.cccc.dddd.eeee.ffff.gggg.hhhh.iiii.jjjj.kkkk.llll.mmmm.nnnn.oooo.pppp is not qqqq.rrrr.ssss.tttt.uuuu.vvvv.xxxx.yyyy.zzzz ) if ( threading.current_thread() != threading.main_thread() and threading.current_thread() != threading.main_thread() or signal.getsignal(signal.SIGINT) != signal.default_int_handler ): return True if ( aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ): return True if ( aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa & aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ): return True if ( aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa + aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ): return True if ( aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa - aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ): return True if ( aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa * aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ): return True if ( aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa / aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ): return True if ( ~aaaa.a + aaaa.b - aaaa.c * aaaa.d / aaaa.e | aaaa.f & aaaa.g % aaaa.h ^ aaaa.i << aaaa.k >> aaaa.l ** aaaa.m // aaaa.n ): return True if ( ~aaaaaaaa.a + aaaaaaaa.b - aaaaaaaa.c @ aaaaaaaa.d / aaaaaaaa.e | aaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaa.h ^ aaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaa.n ): return True if ( ~aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.a + aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.b - aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.c * aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.d @ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.e | aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.f & aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.g % aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.h ^ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.i << aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.k >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.l ** aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.m // aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.n ): return True aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa + aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa - aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa * ( aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa + aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ) / (aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa + aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa + aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa) aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa + aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa >> aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa << aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa bbbb >> bbbb * bbbb aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ^ bbbb.a & aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ^ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa a += B a[x] @= foo().bar this.is_not >>= a.monad last_call() # standalone comment at ENDMARKER