Common cations[19] Common name Formula Historic name Monatomic cations Aluminium Al3+ Barium Ba2+ Beryllium Be2+ Calcium Ca2+ Chromium(III) Cr3+ Copper(I) Cu+ cuprous Copper(II) Cu2+ cupric Gold(I) Au+ aurous Gold(III) Au3+ auric Hydrogen H+ Iron(II) Fe2+ ferrous Iron(III) Fe3+ ferric Lead(II) Pb2+ plumbous Lead(IV) Pb4+ plumbic Lithium Li+ Magnesium Mg2+ Manganese(II) Mn2+ manganous Manganese(III) Mn3+ manganic Manganese(IV) Mn4+ Mercury(II) Hg2+ mercuric Potassium K+ kalic Silver Ag+ argentous Sodium Na+ natric Strontium Sr2+ Tin(II) Sn2+ stannous Tin(IV) Sn4+ stannic Zinc Zn2+ Polyatomic cations Ammonium NH+4 Hydronium H3O+ Mercury(I) Hg2+2 mercurous

Common anions[19] Formal name Formula Alt. name Monatomic anions Azide N−3 Bromide Br− Carbide C− Chloride Cl− Fluoride F− Hydride H− Iodide I− Nitride N3− Phosphide P3− Oxide O2− Sulfide S2− Selenide Se2− Oxoanions (Polyatomic ions)[19] Carbonate CO2−3 Chlorate ClO−3 Chromate CrO2−4 Dichromate Cr2O2−7 Dihydrogen phosphate H2PO−4 Hydrogen carbonate HCO−3 bicarbonate Hydrogen sulfate HSO−4 bisulfate Hydrogen sulfite HSO−3 bisulfite Hydroxide OH− Hypochlorite ClO− Monohydrogen phosphate HPO2−4 Nitrate NO−3 Nitrite NO−2 Perchlorate ClO−4 Permanganate MnO−4 Peroxide O2−2 Phosphate PO3−4 Sulfate SO2−4 Sulfite SO2−3 Superoxide O−2 Thiosulfate S2O2−3 Silicate SiO4−4 Metasilicate SiO2−3 Aluminium silicate AlSiO−4 Anions from organic acids Acetate CH3COO− ethanoate Formate HCOO− methanoate Oxalate C2O2−4 ethanedioate Cyanide CN−