# mdBook-KaTeX
[](https://crates.io/crates/mdbook-katex)
mdBook-KaTeX is a preprocessor for [mdBook](https://github.com/rust-lang/mdBook), using KaTeX to render LaTeX math expressions.
There are two working modes:
- [Pre-render Mode](#pre-render-mode-default) (default): pre-renders math expressions at build time using KaTeX,
- no client-side JavaScript required,
- very fast page load,
- customizable macros and separators.
- [Escape mode](#escape-mode-experimental) (experimental): escapes math expressions to be rendered using either katex.js or MathJax in the browser. May be useful if having problems building mdBook-KaTeX with quickjs.
Pre-rendering uses [the katex crate](https://github.com/xu-cheng/katex-rs).
[List of LaTeX functions supported by KaTeX](https://katex.org/docs/supported.html).
## Getting Started
First, install mdBook-KaTeX
### **Non-Windows** users
```shell
cargo install mdbook-katex
```
### Windows users
The recommended way is to download the latest `x86_64-pc-windows-gnu.zip` from [Releases](https://github.com/lzanini/mdbook-katex/releases) for the full functionality, otherwise, things such matrices will not work fine. See [#67](https://github.com/lzanini/mdbook-katex/issues/67) for the reasons.
Another way is [Escape mode](#escape-mode-experimental).
### Basic setup
Then, add the following line to your `book.toml` file
```toml
[preprocessor.katex]
after = ["links"]
```
You can now use `$` and `$$` delimiters for inline and display math expressions within your `.md` files. If you need a regular dollar symbol, you need to escape delimiters with a backslash `\$`.
```markdown
# Chapter 1
Here is an inline example, $ \pi(\theta) $,
an equation,
$$ \nabla f(x) \in \mathbb{R}^n, $$
and a regular \$ symbol.
```
Math expressions will be rendered as HTML when running `mdbook build` or `mdbook serve` as usual.
## Pre-render mode (default)
Pre-rendering uses [the katex crate](https://github.com/xu-cheng/katex-rs).
[List of LaTeX functions supported by KaTeX](https://katex.org/docs/supported.html).
### KaTeX options
Most [KaTeX options](https://katex.org/docs/options.html) are supported via the `katex` crate.
Specify these options under `[preprocessor.katex]` in your `book.toml`:
| Argument | Type |
| :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------- |
| [`output`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=default-,output,-string) | `"html"`, `"mathml"`, or `"htmlAndMathml"` |
| [`leqno`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=default-,leqno,-boolean) | `boolean` |
| [`fleqn`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=LaTeX-,fleqn,-boolean) | `boolean` |
| [`throw-on-error`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=package-,throwonerror,-boolean) | `boolean` |
| [`error-color`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=errorColor-,errorcolor,-string) | `string` |
| [`min-rule-thickness`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=state-,minrulethickness,-number) | `number` |
| [`max-size`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=true-,maxsize,-number) | `number` |
| [`max-expand`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=maxexpand) | `number` |
| [`trust`](https://katex.org/docs/options.html#:~:text=LaTeX-,trust,-boolean) | `boolean` |
There are also extra options to configure the behaviour of the preprocessor:
| Option | Description |
| :----------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `no-css` | Do not inject KaTeX stylesheet link (See [Self-host KaTeX CSS and fonts](#self-host-katex-css-and-fonts)) |
| `macros` | Path to macros file (see [Custom macros](#custom-macros)) |
| `include-src` | Include math expressions source code (See [Including math Source](#including-math-source)) |
| `block-delimiter` | See [Custom delimiter](#custom-delimiter) |
| `inline-delimiter` | See [Custom delimiter](#custom-delimiter) |
| `pre-render` | See [Escape mode](#escape-mode-experimental) |
For example, the default configuration:
```toml
[preprocessor.katex]
after = ["links"]
# KaTeX options.
output = "html"
leqno = false
fleqn = false
throw-on-error = true
error-color = "#cc0000"
min-rule-thickness = -1.0
max-size = "Infinity"
max-expand = 1000
trust = false
# Extra options.
no-css = false
include-src = false
block-delimiter = { left = "$$", right = "$$" }
inline-delimiter = { left = "$", right = "$" }
pre-render = true
```
### Self-host KaTeX CSS and fonts
KaTeX requires a stylesheet and fonts to render correctly.
By default, mdBook-KaTeX injects a KaTeX stylesheet link pointing to a CDN.
If you want to self-host the CSS and fonts instead, you should specify in `book.toml`:
```toml
[preprocessor.katex]
no-css = true
```
and manually add the CSS and fonts to your mdBook project before building it.
See [mdBook-KaTeX Static CSS Example](https://github.com/SichangHe/mdbook_katex_static_css) for an automated example.
### Custom macros
Custom LaTeX macros must be defined in a `.txt` file, according to the following pattern
```txt
\grad:{\nabla}
\R:{\mathbb{R}^{#1 \times #2}}
```
You need to specify the path of this file in your `book.toml` as follows
```toml
[preprocessor.katex]
macros = "path/to/macros.txt"
```
These macros can then be used in your `.md` files
```markdown
# Chapter 1
$$ \grad f(x) \in \R{n}{p} $$
```
### Including math source
This option is added so users can have a convenient way to copy the source code of math expressions when they view the book.
When `include-src` is set to `true`, each math block is wrapped within a `` tag with `class="katex-src"` with the included math source code being its `value` attribute.
For example, before being fed into mdBook,
```markdown
Define $f(x)$:
$$
f(x)=x^2\\
x\in\R
$$
```
is preprocessed into (the content of the `katex` `span`s are omitted and represented as `…`)
```markdown
Define …:
…
```
The math source code is included in a minimal fashion, and it is up to the users to write custom CSS and JavaScript to make use of it.
For more information about adding custom CSS and JavaScript in mdBook, see [additional-css and additional-js](https://rust-lang.github.io/mdBook/format/configuration/renderers.html#html-renderer-options).
If you need more information about this feature, please check the issues or file a new issue.
### Custom delimiter
To change the delimiters for math expressions, set the `block-delimiter` and `inline-delimiter` under `[preprocessor.katex]`.
For example, to use `\(`and `\)` for inline math and `\[` and `\]` for math block, set
```toml
[preprocessor.katex]
block-delimiter = { left = "\\[", right = "\\]" }
inline-delimiter = { left = "\\(", right = "\\)" }
```
Note that the double backslash above are just used to escape `\` in the TOML format.
### Caveats
`$\backslash$` does not work, but you can use `$\setminus$` instead.
Only the x86_64 Linux, Windows GNU, and macOS builds have full functionality (matrix, ...) , all other builds have compromised capabilities. See [#39](https://github.com/lzanini/mdbook-katex/issues/39) for the reasons.
## Escape mode (experimental)
Escapes the string needed for a formula in advance so that it remains the original formula after the markdown processor.
Disable pre-render to use "Escape mode", and provide your client-side rendering library of choice. An example with `katex.js` included in `head.hbs` (see [index.hbs](https://rust-lang.github.io/mdBook/format/theme/index-hbs.html)) is provided below.
```toml
[preprocessor.katex]
after = ["links"]
pre-render = false
no-css = true
[output.html]
theme = "theme" # use theme/head.hbs
```
Note that the [KaTeX Options](#katex-options) are ignored in escape mode.
An example `head.hbs`:
```html
```
