Metaplex Token Metadata SDK
Rust library for interacting with Metaplex Token Metadata program.
## Why using a client library (SDK)?
Using a program crate as a dependency has its caveats. The main one is that you are bound to the same dependencies of that program, which tend to be quite a few. In many cases, this leads to (unnecessary) dependency problems when trying to update crate versions. Secondly, the program crate is generated from the program source code, which its main purpose is to offer the functionality of the program, not necessarily a _friendly_ client API.
Enter an SDK crate: minimal dependencies, useful helpers. By autogenerating a client SDK to include all `accounts`, `types`, `instructions` and `errors` from a program using the IDL, we can significantly reduce the number of dependencies. The autogenerated code can be refined by adding (manually-written) helpers.
Although the SDK crate has 5 dependencies, in practice the only "real" dependency is the `solana-program` crate since the remaining dependencies are also dependencies of `solana-program`.
## Getting started
From your project folder:
```bash
cargo add mpl-token-metadata
```
> **Note**
> If you are using a `solana-program` version prior to `1.16`, first add the `solana-program` dependency to your project and then add `mpl-token-metadata`. This will make sure you only have a single copy of the `borsh` crate.
## Structure
The client SDK is divided into several modules:
- `accounts`: structs representing the accounts of the program
- `errors`: enums representing the program errors
- `instructions`: structs to facilitate the creation of instructions, instruction arguments and CPI instructions
- `types`: structs representing types used by the program
## Instruction Builders
One of the main features of the client SDK is to facilitate the creation of instructions. There are two "types" of instruction builders automatically generated – both support passing accounts by name and optional positional
### _Client_ instruction builders
These are intended to be used by off-chain client code. Each instruction is represented by a corresponding struct – e.g., `CreateV1`:
```rust
pub struct CreateV1 {
/// Unallocated metadata account with address as pda of ['metadata', program id, mint id]
pub metadata: solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey,
/// Unallocated edition account with address as pda of ['metadata', program id, mint, 'edition']
pub master_edition: Option,
/// Mint of token asset
pub mint: (solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey, bool),
/// Mint authority
pub authority: solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey,
/// Payer
pub payer: solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey,
/// Update authority for the metadata account
pub update_authority: (solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey, bool),
/// System program
pub system_program: solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey,
/// Instructions sysvar account
pub sysvar_instructions: solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey,
/// SPL Token program
pub spl_token_program: solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey,
}
```
After filling in the instruction account fields, you can use the `instruction(...)` method to generate the corresponding `solana_program::instruction::Instruction`:
```rust
// instruction args
let args = CreateV1InstructionArgs {
name: String::from("pNFT"),
symbol: String::from(""),
uri: String::from("http://my.pnft"),
seller_fee_basis_points: 500,
primary_sale_happened: false,
is_mutable: true,
token_standard: TokenStandard::ProgrammableNonFungible,
collection: None,
uses: None,
collection_details: None,
creators: None,
rule_set: None,
decimals: Some(0),
print_supply: Some(PrintSupply::Zero),
};
// instruction accounts
let create_ix = CreateV1 {
metadata,
master_edition: Some(master_edition),
mint: (mint_pubkey, true),
authority: payer_pubkey,
payer: payer_pubkey,
update_authority: (payer_pubkey, true),
system_program: system_program::ID,
sysvar_instructions: solana_program::sysvar::instructions::ID,
spl_token_program: spl_token::ID,
};
// creates the instruction
let create_ix = create_ix.instruction(args);
```
Alternatively, you can use the `CreateV1Builder` to create the appropriate instruction:
```rust
let create_ix = CreateV1Builder::new()
.metadata(metadata)
.master_edition(Some(master_edition))
.mint(mint_pubkey, true)
.authority(payer_pubkey)
.payer(payer_pubkey)
.update_authority(payer_pubkey, true)
.is_mutable(true)
.primary_sale_happened(false)
.name(String::from("pNFT"))
.uri(String::from("http://my.pnft"))
.seller_fee_basis_points(500)
.token_standard(TokenStandard::ProgrammableNonFungible)
.print_supply(PrintSupply::Zero)
.instruction();
```
### _CPI_ instruction builders
These are builders to be used by on-chain code, which will CPI into Token Metadata. Similarly to "off-chain" builders, each instruction has a struct to invoke CPI instructions – e.g., `TransferV1Cpi`:
```rust
pub struct TransferV1Cpi<'a> {
/// The program to invoke.
pub __program: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Token account
pub token: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Token account owner
pub token_owner: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Destination token account
pub destination_token: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Destination token account owner
pub destination_owner: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Mint of token asset
pub mint: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Metadata (pda of ['metadata', program id, mint id])
pub metadata: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Edition of token asset
pub edition: Option<&'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>>,
/// Owner token record account
pub token_record: Option<&'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>>,
/// Destination token record account
pub destination_token_record: Option<&'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>>,
/// Transfer authority (token owner or delegate)
pub authority: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Payer
pub payer: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// System Program
pub system_program: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Instructions sysvar account
pub sysvar_instructions: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// SPL Token Program
pub spl_token_program: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// SPL Associated Token Account program
pub spl_ata_program: &'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>,
/// Token Authorization Rules Program
pub authorization_rules_program: Option<&'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>>,
/// Token Authorization Rules account
pub authorization_rules: Option<&'a solana_program::account_info::AccountInfo<'a>>,
/// The arguments for the instruction.
pub __args: TransferV1InstructionArgs,
}
```
After filling in the program, instruction accounts and argument fields, you can use the `invoke()` or `invoke_signed(...)` method to perform the CPI:
```rust
// instruction args
let mut args = TransferV1InstructionArgs {
amount,
authorization_data: None,
};
// instruction accounts
let cpi_transfer = TransferV1Cpi::new(
metadata_program_info,
TransferV1CpiAccounts {
token: owner_token_info,
token_owner: owner_info,
destination_token: destination_token_info,
destination_owner: destination_info,
mint: mint_info,
metadata: metadata_info,
authority: vault_info,
payer: payer_info,
system_program: system_program_info,
sysvar_instructions: sysvar_instructions_info,
spl_token_program: spl_token_program_info,
spl_ata_program: spl_ata_program_info,
edition: edition_info,
token_record: None,
destination_token_record: None,
authorization_rules: None,
authorization_rules_program: None,
},
args,
);
// performs the CPI
cpi_transfer.invoke_signed(&[&signer_seeds])
```
You can also use the `TransferV1CpiBuilder` to simplify the process:
```rust
let cpi_transfer = TransferV1CpiBuilder::new(metadata_program_info)
.token(owner_token_info)
.token_owner(owner_info)
.destination_token(destination_token_info)
.destination_owner(destination_info)
.mint(mint_info)
.metadata(metadata_info)
.edition(edition_info)
.authority(vault_info)
.payer(payer_info)
.system_program(system_program_info)
.sysvar_instructions(sysvar_instructions_info)
.spl_token_program(spl_token_program_info)
.spl_ata_program(spl_ata_program_info)
.amount(amount);
// performs the CPI
cpi_transfer.invoke_signed(&[&signer_seeds])
```
> **Note** > `*Builder` provide a simplified way to create the required structs, since they take advantage of any default value set on the Kinobi config and do not require to set a `None` value to optional fields.
## PDA helpers
Account types (e.g., `Metadata`) have associated functions to find PDA or to create PDA `Pubkey`s:
```rust
impl Metadata {
pub fn find_pda(mint: Pubkey) -> (solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey, u8) {
solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey::find_program_address(
&[
"metadata".as_bytes(),
crate::MPL_TOKEN_METADATA_ID.as_ref(),
mint.as_ref(),
],
&crate::MPL_TOKEN_METADATA_ID,
)
}
pub fn create_pda(
mint: Pubkey,
bump: u8,
) -> Result {
solana_program::pubkey::Pubkey::create_program_address(
&[
"metadata".as_bytes(),
crate::MPL_TOKEN_METADATA_ID.as_ref(),
mint.as_ref(),
&[bump],
],
&crate::MPL_TOKEN_METADATA_ID,
)
}
}
```
> If a bump seed is known, it is _cheaper_ (in terms of compute units) to use the `create_pda` function, in particular for on-chain code.
## Testing
To run the SDK tests, run the following from the root directory of the repository:
```bash
pnpm install
```
and then:
```bash
pnpm clients:rust:test
```
## Documentation
The crate documentation can be found [here](https://docs.rs/mpl-token-metadata/latest/mpl_token_metadata/).