# About Parses dice notation and evaluate algebraic manipulation of sets of dice rolls. This module provides `Dice` and `RollSet` structs, which implement `FromStr` for converting from strings. It also provides error types directly related to parsing dice-related strings. # Examples ## Dice Examples ### Rolling Dice Creating `Dice` from a string literal: ```rust use ndm::Dice; let d6 = "1d6".parse::().unwrap(); ``` You can create them directly: ```rust use ndm::Dice; let d4 = Dice::new(1, 4); ``` ### Exploding Dice Creating exploding dice (which roll again when the highest number is rolled): ```rust use ndm::Dice; let exploding_d20 = "1d20!".parse::().unwrap(); let exploding_d6 = Dice::new_exploding(1, 6, 6); ``` Exploding dice can explode on any number greater than 1: ```rust use ndm::Dice; let exploding_d13 = "1d13!2".parse::().unwrap(); ``` ### More Complicated Examples Rolling multiple `Dice` at a time: ```rust use ndm::Dice; let dice = Dice::new(3, 8); let dice = Dice::new_exploding(2, 4, 4); ``` ### Keeping High or Low Rolls Keeping the three highest dice: ```rust use ndm::Dice; let wis = Dice::new_keep_n(4, 6, 3); let dex: Dice = "4d6/H3".parse().unwrap(); ``` Or the lowest roll: ```rust use ndm::Dice; let disadvantage = Dice::new_keep_n(2, 20, -1); let minimum: Dice = "4d7/L1".parse().unwrap(); ``` (String parsing isn't case-sensitive.) Keeping exploding dice: ```rust use ndm::Dice; let dice = Dice::new_extended(4, 7, 5, 3); // or let dice = "4d7/H3!5".parse::().unwrap(); ``` ### Formatting Dice `Dice` can be formatted with the normal `{}` operator: ```rust use ndm::Dice; println!("{}", Dice::new(2, 10).unwrap()); ``` ### Parse Errors Strings which cannot be parsed cause `DiceParseError`s. String parsing is more strict than the constructors, which currently don't fail, but instead ignore invalid parameters. ## Combinations Sets of dice, such as multiple sizes of dice, and mathematical operations upon dice, are represented by `RollSet`s. `RollSet`s can only be created by parsing string slices: ```rust use ndm::RollSet; let roll_set: RollSet = "3d6".parse().unwrap(); ``` `RollSet`s can contain any combinations of valid `Dice` and whole numbers, joined by `+` or `-` (or −). These combinations can also be multiplied by floating-point numbers, using `*` (or `x` or `X` or ×). ```rust use ndm::RollSet; let roll_set: RollSet = "1d20+4".parse().unwrap(); let empowered = "4d6 * 1.5".parse::().unwrap(); let sneak = "3d8 + 2d6".parse::().unwrap(); ``` Extraneous text can be included: ```rust use ndm::RollSet; let roll_set = "2d8 slashing + 3d6 fire".parse::().unwrap(); ``` End-comments can be indicated by `#`, which will prevent additional parsing: ```rust use ndm::RollSet; // Only the 4d6 will be parsed, the 8d6 is just a comment. let roll_set: RollSet = "4d6 # 8d6 on a critical".parse().unwrap(); ``` `RollSet`s can also be formatted using `{}`, and totals will appear before an end-of-line comment, if any. ```rust use ndm::RollSet; // Prints something like: `3d6 [ 2, 4, 5: 11] slashing + 4 = 15` println!("{}", "3d6 slashing + 4".parse::().unwrap()); // Prints something like `3d6 [ 3, 5, 6: 14] + 4 = 18 # slashing` println!("{}", "3d6+4 # slashing".parse::().unwrap()); ``` ### Parse Errors Errors are returned using `RollParseError`. In general, `RollSet`s treat anything that isn't `Dice`, operators, or numbers as comments, but will fail if there isn't a roll anywhere in the string. Some combinations of operators are also invalid: `Dice` can't be multiplied by other `Dice`, text can't be added to numbers, etc. # More Information Dice math is from left to right, regardless of operator. For example, `4d6 + 12 * 1.5` ranges from 24 ((4 + 12) * 1.5) to 54 ((24 + 12) * 1.5), not from 22 to 42. Addition and subtraction can be done with whole numbers, dice rolls, and results of previous operations. Multiplication can be done upon all of the above, but the right hand side must be a number (either whole or floating-point). Also, the result of floating-point math is truncated: `1d6 * 4.9` ranges from 4 to 29, not from 4.9 to 29.4. Exploding dice get rerolled as long as they roll at least as high as the “fuse” (which defaults to the highest value on the die, but may be as low as 2). You can construct `Dice` directly, or complex expressions of `RollSet`s. The dice notation parsed by this library is: \[count\]`d`<sides>\[`/`<`H`|`L`><keep>\]\[`!`\[fuse\]\] - `count` is the number of dice to roll, is optional, and defaults to 1 - `sides` is the number of sides on the dice and is required - If numeric, it must be non-negative - `f` or `F` may be used to represent Fudge/Fate dice - Optionally, `/`, followed by - `H` (or `h`) or `L` (or `l`) and - a positive number less than or equal to the number of dice rolled - Optionally, `!`, optionally followed by the `fuse` as a whole number - If the fuse is provided, it must be at least 2 - Otherwise, it defaults to the highest possible roll for the die Dice can be added with `+`, subtracted with `-` [or −], or multiplied with `*` [or `x` or `X` or ×]. Other text is treated as comments. `Dice` can be combined with each other by addition or subtraction. You can also add or subtract whole numbers and multiply results by floating point numbers. (Division isn't currently supported directly, but you can multiply by the reciprocal.) # License Licensed, at your option, under either the [Apache License, Version 2.0](LICENSE-APACHE) or the [MIT license](LICENSE-MIT). ## Contribution Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache License, Version 2.0, shall be dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.