// Copyright 2018 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

//! A basic chat application demonstrating libp2p and the mDNS and floodsub protocols.
//!
//! Using two terminal windows, start two instances. If you local network allows mDNS,
//! they will automatically connect. Type a message in either terminal and hit return: the
//! message is sent and printed in the other terminal. Close with Ctrl-c.
//!
//! You can of course open more terminal windows and add more participants.
//! Dialing any of the other peers will propagate the new participant to all
//! chat members and everyone will receive all messages.
//!
//! # If they don't automatically connect
//!
//! If the nodes don't automatically connect, take note of the listening address of the first
//! instance and start the second with this address as the first argument. In the first terminal
//! window, run:
//!
//! ```sh
//! cargo run --example chat
//! ```
//!
//! It will print the PeerId and the listening address, e.g. `Listening on
//! "/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/24915"`
//!
//! In the second terminal window, start a new instance of the example with:
//!
//! ```sh
//! cargo run --example chat -- /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/24915
//! ```
//!
//! The two nodes then connect.

use async_std::{io, task};
use futures::{future, prelude::*};
use libp2p::{
    Multiaddr,
    PeerId,
    Swarm,
    NetworkBehaviour,
    identity,
    floodsub::{self, Floodsub, FloodsubEvent},
    mdns::{Mdns, MdnsConfig, MdnsEvent},
    swarm::{NetworkBehaviourEventProcess, SwarmEvent}
};
use std::{error::Error, task::{Context, Poll}};

#[async_std::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
    env_logger::init();

    // Create a random PeerId
    let local_key = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
    let local_peer_id = PeerId::from(local_key.public());
    println!("Local peer id: {:?}", local_peer_id);

    // Set up a an encrypted DNS-enabled TCP Transport over the Mplex and Yamux protocols
    let transport = libp2p::development_transport(local_key).await?;

    // Create a Floodsub topic
    let floodsub_topic = floodsub::Topic::new("chat");

    // We create a custom network behaviour that combines floodsub and mDNS.
    // In the future, we want to improve libp2p to make this easier to do.
    // Use the derive to generate delegating NetworkBehaviour impl and require the
    // NetworkBehaviourEventProcess implementations below.
    #[derive(NetworkBehaviour)]
    struct MyBehaviour {
        floodsub: Floodsub,
        mdns: Mdns,

        // Struct fields which do not implement NetworkBehaviour need to be ignored
        #[behaviour(ignore)]
        #[allow(dead_code)]
        ignored_member: bool,
    }

    impl NetworkBehaviourEventProcess<FloodsubEvent> for MyBehaviour {
        // Called when `floodsub` produces an event.
        fn inject_event(&mut self, message: FloodsubEvent) {
            if let FloodsubEvent::Message(message) = message {
                println!("Received: '{:?}' from {:?}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&message.data), message.source);
            }
        }
    }

    impl NetworkBehaviourEventProcess<MdnsEvent> for MyBehaviour {
        // Called when `mdns` produces an event.
        fn inject_event(&mut self, event: MdnsEvent) {
            match event {
                MdnsEvent::Discovered(list) =>
                    for (peer, _) in list {
                        self.floodsub.add_node_to_partial_view(peer);
                    }
                MdnsEvent::Expired(list) =>
                    for (peer, _) in list {
                        if !self.mdns.has_node(&peer) {
                            self.floodsub.remove_node_from_partial_view(&peer);
                        }
                    }
            }
        }
    }

    // Create a Swarm to manage peers and events
    let mut swarm = {
        let mdns = task::block_on(Mdns::new(MdnsConfig::default()))?;
        let mut behaviour = MyBehaviour {
            floodsub: Floodsub::new(local_peer_id),
            mdns,
            ignored_member: false,
        };

        behaviour.floodsub.subscribe(floodsub_topic.clone());
        Swarm::new(transport, behaviour, local_peer_id)
    };

    // Reach out to another node if specified
    if let Some(to_dial) = std::env::args().nth(1) {
        let addr: Multiaddr = to_dial.parse()?;
        swarm.dial_addr(addr)?;
        println!("Dialed {:?}", to_dial)
    }

    // Read full lines from stdin
    let mut stdin = io::BufReader::new(io::stdin()).lines();

    // Listen on all interfaces and whatever port the OS assigns
    swarm.listen_on("/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/0".parse()?)?;

    // Kick it off
    task::block_on(future::poll_fn(move |cx: &mut Context<'_>| {
        loop {
            match stdin.try_poll_next_unpin(cx)? {
                Poll::Ready(Some(line)) => swarm.behaviour_mut()
                    .floodsub
                    .publish(floodsub_topic.clone(), line.as_bytes()),
                Poll::Ready(None) => panic!("Stdin closed"),
                Poll::Pending => break
            }
        }
        loop {
            match swarm.poll_next_unpin(cx) {
                Poll::Ready(Some(event)) => {
                    if let SwarmEvent::NewListenAddr { address, .. } = event {
                        println!("Listening on {:?}", address);
                    }
                }
                Poll::Ready(None) => return Poll::Ready(Ok(())),
                Poll::Pending => break,
            }
        }
        Poll::Pending
    }))
}