# qoqo Quantum Operation Quantum Operation Yes we use [reduplication](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduplication) qoqo/roqoqo is a toolkit to represent quantum circuits by [HQS Quantum Simulations](https://quantumsimulations.de). For a detailed introduction see the [user documentation](https://hqsquantumsimulations.github.io/qoqo_examples/) and the [qoqo examples repository](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo_examples) What roqoqo/qoqo is: * A toolkit to represent quantum programs including circuits and measurement information * A thin runtime to run quantum measurements * A way to serialize quantum circuits and measurement information * A set of optional interfaces to devices, simulators and toolkits (e.g. [qoqo_quest](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo-quest), [qoqo_mock](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo_mock), [qoqo_qasm](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo_qasm)) What roqoqo/qoqo is **not**: * A decomposer translating circuits to a specific set of gates * A quantum circuit optimizer * A collection of quantum algorithms This repository contains two components: * roqoqo: the core rust library * qoqo: the python interface to roqoqo ## roqoqo [](https://crates.io/crates/roqoqo) [](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo/actions) [](https://docs.rs/roqoqo/)  [](https://codecov.io/gh/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo) roqoqo provides: * A `Circuit` struct to represent quantum circuits * A `QuantumProgram` enum to represent quantum programs using different measurement methods * Structs representing single-qubit, two-qubit, multi-qubit and measurement operations that can be executed (decomposed) on any universal quantum computer * Structs representing so-called PRAGMA operations that only apply to certain hardware, simulators or annotate circuits with additional information * Enums that group operations based on the properties of operations (*e.g.* `Operation` for all operations or `SingleQubitGateOperation` for all unitary operations acting on a single qubit) * Support for symbolic variables * Readout based on classical registers * Measurement structs for evaluating observable measurements based on raw readout date returned by quantum computer backends * An `EvaluatingBackend` trait defining a standard for interfacing from qoqo to hardware and simulators that can return measured values * A `Device` trait defining a standard to obtain connectivity information and a noise model for quantum computing devices * Serialize and deserialize support for `Circuit` and `QuantumProgram` via the serde crate. This software is still in the beta stage. Functions and documentation are not yet complete and breaking changes can occur. ### Installation To use roqoqo in a Rust project simply add ```TOML roqoqo = {version="1.0"} ``` to the `[dependencies]` section of the project Cargo.toml. ## qoqo [](https://hqsquantumsimulations.github.io/qoqo/) [](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo/actions) [](https://pypi.org/project/qoqo/) [](https://pypi.org/project/qoqo/) [](https://crates.io/crates/qoqo)  qoqo provides the Python interface to the underlying roqoqo library, including: * A `Circuit` class to represent quantum circuits * A `QuantumProgram` class to represent quantum programs * Classes representing single-qubit, two-qubit, multi-qubit and measurement operations that can be executed (decomposed) on any universal quantum computer * Classes representing so-called PRAGMA operations that only apply to certain hardware, simulators or annotate circuits with additional information * Support for symbolic variables * Readout based on classical registers * Measurement classes for evaluating observable measurements based on raw readout date returned by quantum computer backends * Serialization to json and deserialization from json for circuits and measurement information. Serialization support can easily be expanded to other targets with the help of the serde crate. ### Installation On Linux, macOS and Windows on x86 precompiled packages can be found on PyPi and installed via ```shell pip install qoqo ``` If no pre-built python wheel is available for your architecture you can install qoqo from the source distribution using a rust toolchain (for example available via rustup) and maturin (also available via pip). After installing the rust toolchain and maturing run the same pip install command as above. In some cases on macOS it can be necessary to provide specific linker arguments as shown below: ```shell # can be necessary on mscOS RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-undefined -C link-arg=dynamic_lookup" pip install qoqo ``` ```shell RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-undefined -C link-arg=dynamic_lookup" maturin build -m qoqo/Cargo.toml --release pip install target/wheels/$NAME_OF_WHEEL ``` When using qoqo in a rust project providing a python interface add ```TOML qoqo = {version="1.0", default-features=false} ``` to the `[dependencies]` section of the project Cargo.toml. A source distribution now exists but requires a Rust install with a rust version > 1.47 and a maturin version { >= 0.12, <0.13 } in order to be built. ### Examples Since qoqo provides a full python interface to the underlying roqoqo library, there are examples for python users and for Rust users. For an expanded collection of examples please see the jupyter notebooks in the extra repository [qoqo_examples](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo_examples). The qoqo examples require the qoqo_quest and qoqo_mock interfaces. * **qoqo examples**: For jupyter notebooks in **python**, please refer to [qoqo_examples/qoqo/](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo_examples/tree/main/qoqo). * **roqoqo examples**: The jupyter notebooks in **Rust** can be found in [qoqo_examples/roqoqo/notebooks/](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo_examples/tree/main/roqoqo/notebooks). Alternatively, you can also find pure **Rust** versions of the examples in [qoqo_examples/roqoqo/standalone/](https://github.com/HQSquantumsimulations/qoqo_examples/tree/main/roqoqo/standalone) This project has been partly supported by [PlanQK](https://planqk.de) and is partially supported by [QSolid](https://www.q-solid.de/) and [PhoQuant](https://www.quantentechnologien.de/forschung/foerderung/quantencomputer-demonstrationsaufbauten/phoquant.html). ## Contributing We welcome contributions to the project. If you want to contribute code, please have a look at CONTRIBUTE.md for our code contribution guidelines. In order to facilitate the contribution of the addition of a new gate, please also have a look at add_new_gate.md to read a quick explanation of the main steps necessary.