% title: Hyphenation patterns for modern and medieval Latin % copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2016 Claudio Beccari % notice: This file is part of the hyph-utf8 package. % See http://www.hyphenation.org/tex for more information. % language: % name: Latin % tag: la % version: 3.201 2016-08-28 % authors: % - % name: Claudio Beccari % contact: claudio.beccari (at) gmail.com % licence: % - This file is available under any of the following licences: % - % name: MIT % url: https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT % text: > % Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person % obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation % files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without % restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, % copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell % copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the % Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following % conditions: % % The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be % included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. % % THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, % EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES % OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND % NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT % HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, % WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING % FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR % OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. % - % name: LPPL % version: 1 % or_later: true % url: https://latex-project.org/lppl/ % changes: % - % date: 1999 % version: 1.0 % author: Claudio Beccari % description: First public release % - % date: 2007-04-16 % version: 3.1 % author: Claudio Beccari % - % date: 2010-05-31 % author: Claudio Beccari % description: Removal of OT1 support % - % date: 2010-06-01 % version: 3.2 % author: Claudio Beccari % description: Removal of pattern 2'2 % - % date: 2016-08-28 % version: 3.201 % author: Claudio Beccari % description: updated header with MIT licence notice; % added few missing patterns % % ========================================== % Patterns for the latin language mainly in modern spelling % (u when u is needed and v when v is needed); medieval spelling % with the ligatures æ and œ and the (uncial) lowercase ‘v’ % written as a ‘u’ is also supported; apparently there is no conflict % between the patterns of modern Latin and those of medieval Latin. % % For more information please read the babel-latin documentation. % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % For documentation see: % C. Beccari, “Computer aided hyphenation for Italian and Modern % Latin”, TUG vol. 13, n. 1, pp. 23-33 (1992) % % see also % % C. Beccari, “Typesetting of ancient languages”, % TUG vol.15, n.1, pp. 9-16 (1994) % % In the former paper the code was described as being contained in file % ITALAT.TEX; this is substantially the same code, but the file has been % renamed and included in hyph-utf8. % % A corresponding file (ITHYPH.TEX) has been extracted in order to eliminate % the (few) patterns specific to Latin and leave those specific to Italian; % ITHYPH.TEX has been further extended with many new patterns in order to % cope with the many neologisms and technical terms with foreign roots. % % Should you find any word that gets hyphenated in a wrong way, please, AFTER % CHECKING ON A RELIABLE MODERN DICTIONARY, report to the author, preferably % by e-mail. Please do not report about wrong break points concerning % prefixes and/or suffixes; see at the bottom of this file. % % Compared with the previous versions, this file has been extended so as to % cope also with the medieval Latin spelling, where the letter ‘V’ played the % roles of both ‘U’ and ‘V’, as in the Roman times, save that the Romans used % only capitals. In the middle ages the availability of soft writing supports % and the necessity of copying books with a reasonable speed, several scripts % evolved in (practically) all of which there was a lower case alphabet % different from the upper case one, and where the lower case ‘v’ had the % rounded shape of our modern lower case ‘u’, and where the Latin diphthongs % ‘Æ’ and ‘Œ’, both in upper and lower case, where written as ligatures, % not to mention the habit of substituting them with their sound, that is a % simple ‘E'. % % According to Leon Battista Alberti, who in 1466 wrote a book on % cryptography where he thoroughly analyzed the hyphenation of the Latin % language of his (still medieval) times, the differences from the Tuscan % language (the Italian language, as it was named at his time) were very % limited, in particular for what concerns the handling of the ascending and % descending diphthongs; in Central and Northern Europe, and later on in % North America, the Scholars perceived the above diphthongs as made of two % distinct vowels; the hyphenation of medieval Latin, therefore, was quite % different in the northern countries compared to the southern ones, at least % for what concerns these diphthongs. If you need hyphenation patterns for % medieval Latin that suite you better according to the habits of Northern % Europe you should resort to the hyphenation patterns prepared by Yannis % Haralambous (TUGboat, vol.13 n.4 (1992)). % % % % PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES % % For what concerns prefixes and suffixes, the latter are generally separated % according to “natural” syllabification, while the former are generally % divided etimologically. In order to avoid an excessive number of patterns, % care has been paid to some prefixes, especially “ex”, “trans”, “circum”, % “prae”, but this set of patterns is NOT capable of separating the prefixes % in all circumstances. % % BABEL SHORTCUTS AND FACILITIES % % Read the documentation coming with the discription of the Latin language % interface of Babel in order to see the shortcuts and the facilities % introduced in order to facilitate the insertion of “compound word marks” % which are very useful for inserting etymological break points. % % Happy Latin and multilingual typesetting! %