`start`-`end` BCE: `name` civilization in Peru start: 3000 end: 1800 name: Norte Chico Where did Norte Chico get water from, since there was very little rainfall? andes mountains How many urban centers were in Norte Chico? 25 What was the biggest urban center in Norte Chico? Caral What wasn't in Caral that is normally in civilization? agriculture pottery metallurgy writing warfare Norte Chico cities were `adjective` than Sumer cities. adjective: smaller What was the name of the knot-based system used for accounting in Norte Chico? Quipu What was traded in Norte Chico? fish What plants were grown in Norte Chico? squash beans guava `start`-`end` BCE: Start of civilization in Indus Valley start: 2200 end: 2000 Indus Valley Civilization had `adjective` planned cities, `type` agriculture, `language type`. adjective: elaborately type: irrigated language type: written language What was standardized in Indus Valley Civilization? weights measures architectural styles bricks What wasn't in Indus Valley Civilization? [classes, honors for dead] palaces temples elaborate graves king class warrior class political hierarchy What could have explained Indus Valley Civilizations coordination and complexity without political hierarchy? early caste system rule by priests small republics state without hierarchy `time` BCE: Indus Valley abandoned due to `thing` in the soil lowering crop yields, `action` to burn mud bricks, and soil `something that happened to the soil`. time: 1700 thing: salt action: deforestation something that happened to the soil: erosion What remained from Indus Valley civilization? ceremonial bathing incense ritual fire altars yoga clothing jewelry Which animals were important in religion in Indus Valley civilization and continued on from it? bulls elephants `start`-`end` BCE: Start of Chinese civilization start: 2200 end: 2070 `start`-`end` BCE: Xia (shyah) dynasty, had `project` projects start: 2070 end: 1600 project: flood control `start`-`end` BCE: Shang dynasty start: 1600 end: 1046 `name`: Seperate civilization from Chinese but in China name: Sanxingdui `time` BCE: `animal` and `metal` technology reaches China and makes the Shang dynasty strong. time: 1200 animal: horse metal: bronze `start`-`end` BCE: Zhou (joh) dynasty start: 1046 end: 771 Features of chinese religion? lavish tombs sacrifice Chinese Poltical Ideology: Ruler (`ruler name`) is intermediary between `place1` and `place2` and is given power by `name`, but only gets power if he is benevolent and maintains social harmony. ruler name: Son of Heaven place1: Heaven place2: Earth name: Mandate of Heaven `start`-`end` BCE: `name` civilization begins in Central Asia (`river` River Valley) and water from nearby Oases start: 2200 end: 2000 name: Oxus river: Amu Darya When were fortified centers in Oxus established? 2000 BCE What did the fortified centers in Oxus contain? residential compounds artisan workshops temples Oxus was based on `kind` agriculture and stock raising, but had no `culture type` culture. kind: irrigation culture type: literate Oxus had a `kind` hierarchy. kind: Aristocratic Oxus occasionally got goods from these places because it was "Eurasian-wide system of commercial exchange" China India Mesopotamia Nomads Siberia When did Civilization in Oxus end for similar reasons to Indus Valley civilization? 1700 BCE Where do elements of Oxus civilization show up? Iran India Mediterranean `time` BCE: Olmec civilization begins west of the `place` time: 1200 place: Yucatan When did writing come in the Americas from the Olmec civilization? 900 BCE What was Olmec made of? competing chiefdoms Features of Olmec? decorated temples altars pyramids tombs of rulers Olmec is known as "`this`" this: mother civilization Features of Olmec that survived? Mound building Art styles Ritual sacrifice Bloodletting Rubber ball game Olmec heads were `count` carving of the rulers (not confirmed) that were `height` feet tall and weighed `weight` tons. count: 17 height: 8 weight: 24