Positive ion cation Negative ion anion What forms cations metals What forms anions nonmetals Cation bonds with anion in bonding type? ionic bonding What has most electronegativity Fluorine What has least electronegativity (or most electropositivty) Cesium Monatomic ion example with sodium Na+ Ionic bonding makes net charge 0 Ratio is always simplest whole number Process where substances become positive (lose electrons) oxidation Process where substance become more negative (gain electrons) reduction Metallic bonding participants are metals Covalent bonding participants are nonmetals metalloids Molecular covalent happens with only nonmetals Molecular covalent makes small stable units Ionic bonding creates what when dissolved (unlike molecular covalent) ions Network covalent made of `shape`, `thing` or `thing2` shape: grid thing: nonmetals thing2: metalloids Opposites attract force electrostatic force