What were European governments motivated by religion gold European governments gained gold through `system`, where they maximize `maximize` and minimize `minimize` system: mercantilism maximize: selling minimize: buying What European state led the way in exploration Portugal Portugal took over through navy [labor, goods, place] slave trade indian ocean malacca Portugal tried to take over what place religion-wise china Portugal created what kind of empire trading post empire British focused on what place India Dutch focused on what place malacca Spanish focused on what place Phillipines Spanish made Americas possible by taking `thing` from `place` thing: silver place: Aztecs and Incas What place bought the silver Spain got china French took over what place while searching for Northwest passage to Asia Canada French didn't `action` so they had better relations with natives and their colonies grew `way` action: colonize way: slowly English realized they could became naval power when they destroyed spanish British settlement in Americas (around same time as Quebec) Jamestown Dutch created what colony in Hudson bay while trying to find Northwest Passage New Amsterdam New Amsterdam current name is `name` and it benefits from `thing` name: New York thing: river trade