function [p,stats] = colamd2 (S, knobs)
%COLAMD2 Column approximate minimum degree permutation.
%    P = COLAMD2(S) returns the column approximate minimum degree permutation
%    vector for the sparse matrix S.  For a non-symmetric matrix S, S(:,P)
%    tends to have sparser LU factors than S.  The Cholesky factorization of
%    S(:,P)'*S(:,P) also tends to be sparser than that of S'*S.  The ordering
%    is followed by a column elimination tree post-ordering.
%
%    Note that this function is the source code for the built-in MATLAB colamd
%    function.  It has been renamed here to colamd2 to avoid a filename clash.
%    colamd and colamd2 are identical.
%
%    See also COLAMD, AMD, SYMAMD, SYMAMD2.
%
%    Example:
%            P = colamd2 (S)
%            [P, stats] = colamd2 (S, knobs)
%
%    knobs is an optional one- to three-element input vector.  If S is m-by-n,
%    then rows with more than max(16,knobs(1)*sqrt(n)) entries are ignored.
%    Columns with more than max(16,knobs(2)*sqrt(min(m,n))) entries are
%    removed prior to ordering, and ordered last in the output permutation P.
%    Only completely dense rows or columns are removed if knobs(1) and knobs(2)
%    are < 0, respectively.  If knobs(3) is nonzero, stats and knobs are
%    printed.  The default is knobs = [10 10 0].  Note that knobs differs from
%    earlier versions of colamd.


% COLAMD, Copyright (c) 1998-2022, Timothy A. Davis, and Stefan Larimore.
% SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-clause

% Developed in collaboration with J. Gilbert and E. Ng.
% Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation,
% under grants DMS-9504974 and DMS-9803599.

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Perform the colamd ordering:
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

if (nargout <= 1 & nargin == 1)						    %#ok
    p = colamd2mex (S) ;
elseif (nargout <= 1 & nargin == 2)					    %#ok
    p = colamd2mex (S, knobs) ;
elseif (nargout == 2 & nargin == 1)					    %#ok
    [p, stats] = colamd2mex (S) ;
elseif (nargout == 2 & nargin == 2)					    %#ok
    [p, stats] = colamd2mex (S, knobs) ;
else
    error ('colamd:  incorrect number of input and/or output arguments') ;
end

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% column elimination tree post-ordering:
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[ignore, q] = etree (S (:,p), 'col') ;
p = p (q) ;

%    stats is an optional 20-element output vector that provides data about the
%    ordering and the validity of the input matrix S.  Ordering statistics are
%    in stats (1:3).  stats (1) and stats (2) are the number of dense or empty
%    rows and columns ignored by COLAMD and stats (3) is the number of
%    garbage collections performed on the internal data structure used by
%    COLAMD (roughly of size 2.2*nnz(S) + 4*m + 7*n integers).
%
%    MATLAB built-in functions are intended to generate valid sparse matrices,
%    with no duplicate entries, with ascending row indices of the nonzeros
%    in each column, with a non-negative number of entries in each column (!)
%    and so on.  If a matrix is invalid, then COLAMD may or may not be able
%    to continue.  If there are duplicate entries (a row index appears two or
%    more times in the same column) or if the row indices in a column are out
%    of order, then COLAMD can correct these errors by ignoring the duplicate
%    entries and sorting each column of its internal copy of the matrix S (the
%    input matrix S is not repaired, however).  If a matrix is invalid in other
%    ways then COLAMD cannot continue, an error message is printed, and no
%    output arguments (P or stats) are returned.  COLAMD is thus a simple way
%    to check a sparse matrix to see if it's valid.
%
%    stats (4:7) provide information if COLAMD was able to continue.  The
%    matrix is OK if stats (4) is zero, or 1 if invalid.  stats (5) is the
%    rightmost column index that is unsorted or contains duplicate entries,
%    or zero if no such column exists.  stats (6) is the last seen duplicate
%    or out-of-order row index in the column index given by stats (5), or zero
%    if no such row index exists.  stats (7) is the number of duplicate or
%    out-of-order row indices.
%
%    stats (8:20) is always zero in the current version of COLAMD (reserved
%    for future use).