#![cfg_attr(feature = "min_specialization", feature(min_specialization))] use std::{any::type_name, fmt::Display}; use trait_cast_rs::{TraitcastTarget, TraitcastableAny, TraitcastableAnyInfra, TraitcastableTo}; struct HybridPet { name: T, } impl HybridPet { fn greet(&self) { println!("{}: Hi {}", self.name, type_name::()) } } impl Dog for HybridPet { fn bark(&self) { println!("{}: Woof!", self.name); } } impl Cat for HybridPet { fn meow(&self, speak: &V) { println!("{}: Meow! {speak}", self.name); } } trait Dog { fn bark(&self); } trait Cat { fn meow(&self, speak: &T); } impl TraitcastableTo for HybridPet { fn to_dyn_ref(input: &dyn TraitcastableAny) -> Option<&(dyn Dog + 'static)> { let casted: Option<&Self> = input.downcast_ref(); casted.map(|selv| selv as &dyn Dog) } fn to_dyn_mut(input: &mut dyn TraitcastableAny) -> Option<&mut (dyn Dog + 'static)> { let casted: Option<&mut Self> = input.downcast_mut(); casted.map(|selv| selv as &mut dyn Dog) } } impl TraitcastableTo> for HybridPet { fn to_dyn_ref(input: &dyn TraitcastableAny) -> Option<&(dyn Cat + 'static)> { let casted: Option<&Self> = input.downcast_ref(); casted.map(|selv| selv as &dyn Cat) } fn to_dyn_mut(input: &mut dyn TraitcastableAny) -> Option<&mut (dyn Cat + 'static)> { let casted: Option<&mut Self> = input.downcast_mut(); casted.map(|selv| selv as &mut dyn Cat) } } // The `TARGETS` slice can not be declared inside the `traitcast_targets` function. // The "use of generic parameter from outer function" rust limitation is the cause. impl HybridPet { const TARGETS: &[TraitcastTarget] = &[ TraitcastTarget::from::(), TraitcastTarget::from::>(), ]; } impl TraitcastableAny for HybridPet { fn traitcast_targets(&self) -> &[TraitcastTarget] { Self::TARGETS } } #[cfg_attr(test, test)] fn main() { // The box is technically not needed but kept for added realism let pet = Box::new(HybridPet { name: "Kokusnuss".to_string(), }); pet.greet(); let castable_pet: Box = pet; let as_dog: &dyn Dog = castable_pet.downcast_ref().unwrap(); as_dog.bark(); let as_cat: &dyn Cat = castable_pet.downcast_ref().unwrap(); as_cat.meow("Text"); let cast_back: &HybridPet = castable_pet.downcast_ref().unwrap(); cast_back.greet(); // Concrete generic `Cat` not specified as a target for `HybridPet`. // Adding `TraitcastTarget::from::>(),` to the targets would make the cast valid. let invalid_cast: Option<&dyn Cat> = castable_pet.downcast_ref(); assert!(invalid_cast.is_none()); }