{
  "$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega/v5.json",
  "description": "An interactive scatter plot of global health statistics by country and year.",
  "background": "white",
  "padding": 5,
  "width": 800,
  "height": 500,
  "style": "cell",
  "data": [
    {
      "name": "year_store",
      "values": [
        {
          "unit": "layer_1_layer_1",
          "fields": [{"type": "E", "field": "year"}],
          "values": [1955]
        }
      ]
    },
    {"name": "hovered_store"},
    {"name": "clicked_store"},
    {
      "name": "source_0",
      "url": "data/gapminder.json",
      "format": {"type": "json", "parse": {"country": "string"}}
    },
    {
      "name": "source_1",
      "values": [
        {"id": 0, "name": "South Asia"},
        {"id": 1, "name": "Europe & Central Asia"},
        {"id": 2, "name": "Sub-Saharan Africa"},
        {"id": 3, "name": "America"},
        {"id": 4, "name": "East Asia & Pacific"},
        {"id": 5, "name": "Middle East & North Africa"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "data_0",
      "source": "source_0",
      "transform": [
        {"type": "filter", "expr": "datum[\"country\"]===\"Afghanistan\""},
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "!length(data(\"year_store\")) || vlSelectionTest(\"year_store\", datum)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "data_1",
      "source": "source_0",
      "transform": [
        {
          "type": "lookup",
          "from": "source_1",
          "key": "id",
          "fields": ["cluster"],
          "values": ["name"]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "data_2",
      "source": "data_1",
      "transform": [
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "!length(data(\"year_store\")) || vlSelectionTest(\"year_store\", datum)"
        },
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "isValid(datum[\"fertility\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"fertility\"]) && isValid(datum[\"life_expect\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"life_expect\"])"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "data_3",
      "source": "data_1",
      "transform": [
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "(!length(data(\"year_store\")) || vlSelectionTest(\"year_store\", datum)) && ((length(data(\"clicked_store\")) && vlSelectionTest(\"clicked_store\", datum)) || (length(data(\"hovered_store\")) && vlSelectionTest(\"hovered_store\", datum)))"
        },
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "isValid(datum[\"fertility\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"fertility\"]) && isValid(datum[\"life_expect\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"life_expect\"])"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "data_4",
      "source": "data_1",
      "transform": [
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "length(data(\"hovered_store\")) && vlSelectionTest(\"hovered_store\", datum)"
        },
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "!(!length(data(\"year_store\")) || vlSelectionTest(\"year_store\", datum))"
        },
        {
          "type": "filter",
          "expr": "isValid(datum[\"fertility\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"fertility\"]) && isValid(datum[\"life_expect\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"life_expect\"])"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "signals": [
    {
      "name": "unit",
      "value": {},
      "on": [
        {"events": "mousemove", "update": "isTuple(group()) ? group() : unit"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "year_year",
      "init": "1955",
      "bind": {
        "name": "Year",
        "input": "range",
        "min": 1955,
        "max": 2005,
        "step": 5
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "year",
      "update": "vlSelectionResolve(\"year_store\", \"union\", true, true)"
    },
    {
      "name": "hovered",
      "update": "vlSelectionResolve(\"hovered_store\", \"union\", true, true)"
    },
    {
      "name": "clicked",
      "update": "vlSelectionResolve(\"clicked_store\", \"union\", true, true)"
    },
    {
      "name": "year_tuple",
      "update": "year_year !== null ? {fields: year_tuple_fields, values: [year_year]} : null"
    },
    {"name": "year_tuple_fields", "value": [{"type": "E", "field": "year"}]},
    {
      "name": "year_modify",
      "on": [
        {
          "events": {"signal": "year_tuple"},
          "update": "modify(\"year_store\", year_tuple, true)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "hovered_tuple",
      "on": [
        {
          "events": [{"source": "scope", "type": "mouseover"}],
          "update": "datum && item().mark.marktype !== 'group' ? {unit: \"layer_1_layer_1\", fields: hovered_tuple_fields, values: [(item().isVoronoi ? datum.datum : datum)[\"country\"]]} : null",
          "force": true
        },
        {"events": [{"source": "view", "type": "dblclick"}], "update": "null"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "hovered_tuple_fields",
      "value": [{"type": "E", "field": "country"}]
    },
    {
      "name": "hovered_modify",
      "on": [
        {
          "events": {"signal": "hovered_tuple"},
          "update": "modify(\"hovered_store\", hovered_tuple, true)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "clicked_tuple",
      "on": [
        {
          "events": [{"source": "scope", "type": "click"}],
          "update": "datum && item().mark.marktype !== 'group' ? {unit: \"layer_1_layer_1\", fields: clicked_tuple_fields, values: [(item().isVoronoi ? datum.datum : datum)[\"country\"]]} : null",
          "force": true
        },
        {"events": [{"source": "view", "type": "dblclick"}], "update": "null"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "clicked_tuple_fields",
      "value": [{"type": "E", "field": "country"}]
    },
    {
      "name": "clicked_toggle",
      "value": false,
      "on": [
        {
          "events": [{"source": "scope", "type": "click"}],
          "update": "event.shiftKey"
        },
        {"events": [{"source": "view", "type": "dblclick"}], "update": "false"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "clicked_modify",
      "on": [
        {
          "events": {"signal": "clicked_tuple"},
          "update": "modify(\"clicked_store\", clicked_toggle ? null : clicked_tuple, clicked_toggle ? null : true, clicked_toggle ? clicked_tuple : null)"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "marks": [
    {
      "name": "layer_0_marks",
      "type": "text",
      "style": ["text"],
      "interactive": false,
      "from": {"data": "data_0"},
      "encode": {
        "update": {
          "opacity": {"value": 0.06},
          "fontSize": {"value": 100},
          "fill": {"value": "black"},
          "description": {
            "signal": "\"year: \" + (isValid(datum[\"year\"]) ? datum[\"year\"] : \"\"+datum[\"year\"])"
          },
          "x": {"value": 420},
          "y": {"value": 250},
          "text": {
            "signal": "isValid(datum[\"year\"]) ? datum[\"year\"] : \"\"+datum[\"year\"]"
          },
          "align": {"value": "center"},
          "baseline": {"value": "middle"}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "layer_1_layer_0_pathgroup",
      "type": "group",
      "from": {
        "facet": {
          "name": "faceted_path_layer_1_layer_0_main",
          "data": "data_1",
          "groupby": ["country"]
        }
      },
      "encode": {
        "update": {
          "width": {"field": {"group": "width"}},
          "height": {"field": {"group": "height"}}
        }
      },
      "marks": [
        {
          "name": "layer_1_layer_0_marks",
          "type": "line",
          "style": ["line"],
          "sort": {"field": ["datum[\"year\"]"], "order": ["ascending"]},
          "interactive": false,
          "from": {"data": "faceted_path_layer_1_layer_0_main"},
          "encode": {
            "update": {
              "strokeCap": {"value": "round"},
              "stroke": {"value": "lightgray"},
              "opacity": [
                {
                  "test": "(length(data(\"hovered_store\")) && vlSelectionTest(\"hovered_store\", datum)) || (length(data(\"clicked_store\")) && vlSelectionTest(\"clicked_store\", datum))",
                  "value": 0.8
                },
                {"value": 0}
              ],
              "description": {
                "signal": "\"fertility: \" + (format(datum[\"fertility\"], \"\")) + \"; life_expect: \" + (format(datum[\"life_expect\"], \"\")) + \"; year: \" + (isValid(datum[\"year\"]) ? datum[\"year\"] : \"\"+datum[\"year\"]) + \"; country: \" + (isValid(datum[\"country\"]) ? datum[\"country\"] : \"\"+datum[\"country\"])"
              },
              "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "fertility"},
              "y": {"scale": "y", "field": "life_expect"},
              "strokeWidth": {"value": 4},
              "defined": {
                "signal": "isValid(datum[\"fertility\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"fertility\"]) && isValid(datum[\"life_expect\"]) && isFinite(+datum[\"life_expect\"])"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "layer_1_layer_1_marks",
      "type": "symbol",
      "style": ["circle"],
      "interactive": true,
      "from": {"data": "data_2"},
      "encode": {
        "update": {
          "opacity": {"value": 0.9},
          "size": {"value": 100},
          "fill": {"scale": "color", "field": "name"},
          "ariaRoleDescription": {"value": "circle"},
          "description": {
            "signal": "\"fertility: \" + (format(datum[\"fertility\"], \"\")) + \"; life_expect: \" + (format(datum[\"life_expect\"], \"\")) + \"; Region: \" + (isValid(datum[\"name\"]) ? datum[\"name\"] : \"\"+datum[\"name\"])"
          },
          "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "fertility"},
          "y": {"scale": "y", "field": "life_expect"},
          "shape": {"value": "circle"}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "layer_1_layer_2_marks",
      "type": "text",
      "style": ["text"],
      "interactive": false,
      "from": {"data": "data_3"},
      "encode": {
        "update": {
          "fontSize": {"value": 12},
          "fontWeight": {"value": "bold"},
          "fill": {"scale": "color", "field": "name"},
          "description": {
            "signal": "\"fertility: \" + (format(datum[\"fertility\"], \"\")) + \"; life_expect: \" + (format(datum[\"life_expect\"], \"\")) + \"; Region: \" + (isValid(datum[\"name\"]) ? datum[\"name\"] : \"\"+datum[\"name\"]) + \"; country: \" + (isValid(datum[\"country\"]) ? datum[\"country\"] : \"\"+datum[\"country\"])"
          },
          "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "fertility"},
          "y": {"scale": "y", "field": "life_expect", "offset": -12},
          "text": {
            "signal": "isValid(datum[\"country\"]) ? datum[\"country\"] : \"\"+datum[\"country\"]"
          },
          "align": {"value": "center"},
          "baseline": {"value": "middle"}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "layer_1_layer_3_layer_0_marks",
      "type": "text",
      "style": ["text"],
      "interactive": false,
      "from": {"data": "data_4"},
      "encode": {
        "update": {
          "fontSize": {"value": 12},
          "fill": {"value": "gray"},
          "description": {
            "signal": "\"fertility: \" + (format(datum[\"fertility\"], \"\")) + \"; life_expect: \" + (format(datum[\"life_expect\"], \"\")) + \"; year: \" + (isValid(datum[\"year\"]) ? datum[\"year\"] : \"\"+datum[\"year\"])"
          },
          "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "fertility"},
          "y": {"scale": "y", "field": "life_expect", "offset": -12},
          "text": {
            "signal": "isValid(datum[\"year\"]) ? datum[\"year\"] : \"\"+datum[\"year\"]"
          },
          "align": {"value": "center"},
          "baseline": {"value": "middle"}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "layer_1_layer_3_layer_1_marks",
      "type": "symbol",
      "style": ["circle"],
      "interactive": false,
      "from": {"data": "data_4"},
      "encode": {
        "update": {
          "opacity": {"value": 0.7},
          "fill": {"value": "gray"},
          "ariaRoleDescription": {"value": "circle"},
          "description": {
            "signal": "\"fertility: \" + (format(datum[\"fertility\"], \"\")) + \"; life_expect: \" + (format(datum[\"life_expect\"], \"\"))"
          },
          "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "fertility"},
          "y": {"scale": "y", "field": "life_expect"},
          "shape": {"value": "circle"}
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "scales": [
    {
      "name": "x",
      "type": "linear",
      "domain": [0, 9],
      "range": [0, {"signal": "width"}],
      "zero": true
    },
    {
      "name": "y",
      "type": "linear",
      "domain": [20, 85],
      "range": [{"signal": "height"}, 0],
      "zero": false
    },
    {
      "name": "color",
      "type": "ordinal",
      "domain": {
        "fields": [
          {"data": "data_2", "field": "name"},
          {"data": "data_3", "field": "name"}
        ],
        "sort": true
      },
      "range": "category"
    }
  ],
  "axes": [
    {
      "scale": "x",
      "orient": "bottom",
      "tickCount": 5,
      "gridScale": "y",
      "grid": true,
      "domain": false,
      "labels": false,
      "aria": false,
      "maxExtent": 0,
      "minExtent": 0,
      "ticks": false,
      "zindex": 0
    },
    {
      "scale": "y",
      "orient": "left",
      "tickCount": 5,
      "gridScale": "x",
      "grid": true,
      "domain": false,
      "labels": false,
      "aria": false,
      "maxExtent": 0,
      "minExtent": 0,
      "ticks": false,
      "zindex": 0
    },
    {
      "scale": "x",
      "orient": "bottom",
      "grid": false,
      "title": "Fertility",
      "tickCount": 5,
      "labelFlush": true,
      "labelOverlap": true,
      "zindex": 0
    },
    {
      "scale": "y",
      "orient": "left",
      "grid": false,
      "title": "Life Expectancy",
      "tickCount": 5,
      "labelOverlap": true,
      "zindex": 0
    }
  ],
  "legends": [
    {
      "title": "Region",
      "fill": "color",
      "symbolType": "circle",
      "encode": {"symbols": {"update": {"opacity": {"value": 0.9}}}}
    }
  ]
}