aopt

A flexible and typed getopt like command line framwork for rust.

Features

• Option support

  • Prefixed option support, such as -f, --flag, -flag or --/flag.

  • Option value support, such as -f 42, --flag 3.14 or --flag=foo.

  • Multiple style option support, such as -f 42, -f=42 or -f42.

  • Combing style support, such as -abc is same as -a -b -c.

  • Positional arguments support, see Index.

  • Special option - and -- support, see Stop and Stdin.

  • Type support, you can validator the value of option during parsing.

  See the built-in option type AOpt

• Non UTF8 arguments support

• Callback support

  Can set callback which will called during parsing, see Parser and Invoker.

• Value support

  By default aopt will saving the raw value and parsed value in ValStorer.

• Policy support

  • DelayPolicy process positional arguments before any other option.

  • FwdPolicy process options before positional arguments.

  • SeqPolicy process all type arguments one by one.

• Derive support

  • Checkout cote crate for derive support and help message generate.

Setup

cargo add aopt

sync feature

If you want the utils of current crate implement Send and Sync, you can enable sync feature.

Examples

Using AFwdParser parsing process the command line.

use aopt::prelude::*;

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let mut parser = AFwdParser::default();

    parser.validator_mut().add_prefix("+");
    parser.add_opt("--depth=i")?.set_value_t(0i64); // int option
    parser.add_opt("-/r=b")?; // boolean flag
    parser
        .add_opt("--source=s!")? // ! means the option is force required
        .add_alias("+S")
        .on(|set, ctx| {
            let val = ctx.value::<String>()?;
            let depth: &i64 = set["--depth"].val()?;
            println!("Adding location({}) with depth({})", val, depth);
            Ok(Some((val, *depth)))
        })?;
    parser.add_opt("destination=p!@-0")?.on(|_, ctx| {
        let val = ctx.value::<String>()?;
        println!("Save destination location({})", val);
        Ok(Some(val))
    })?;
    parser.add_opt("main=m")?.on(|set, ctx| {
        let val = ctx.value::<String>()?;
        let src = set["--source"].vals::<(String, i64)>()?;
        let dest: &String = set["destination"].val()?;

        for (item, depth) in src {
            println!(
                "Application {} will copy location({item}, depth={depth}) to destination({})",
                val, dest
            );
        }
        Ok(Some(val))
    })?;
    parser.parse_env()?.unwrap();

    Ok(())
}

• app.exe --depth=98 +S github --depth=42 +S gitlab gitcode output

Adding location(github) with depth(98)
Adding location(gitlab) with depth(42)
Save destination location(gitcode)
Application target\debug\example.exe will copy location(github, depth=98) to destination(gitcode)
Application target\debug\example.exe will copy location(gitlab, depth=42) to destination(gitcode)

Using getopt! parsing multiple sub command.

use aopt::prelude::*;

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let mut list = AFwdParser::default();
    let mut update = AFwdParser::default();
    let mut install = AFwdParser::default();

    list.add_opt("list=c")?;
    list.add_opt("ls=c")?;
    list.add_opt("-debug=b")?;
    list.add_opt("-force=b")?.add_alias("-f");
    list.add_opt("-local-only=b")?.add_alias("-l");
    list.add_opt("-source".infer::<String>())?
        .add_alias("-s")
        .set_value(String::from("lib.rs"));
    list.add_opt("main=m")?.fallback(|set, _| {
        println!(
            "invoke list command: debug={:?}, force={:?}, local-only={:?}, source={:?}",
            set["-debug"].val::<bool>()?,
            set["-force"].val::<bool>()?,
            set["-local-only"].val::<bool>()?,
            set["-source"].val::<String>()?,
        );
        Ok(None::<()>)
    })?;

    update.add_opt("update=c")?;
    update.add_opt("up=c")?;
    update.add_opt("-debug=b")?;
    update.add_opt("-force=b")?.add_alias("-f");
    update.add_opt("-source=s")?.add_alias("-s");
    update.add_opt("main=m")?.on(|set, _| {
        println!(
            "invoke update command: debug={:?}, force={:?}, source={:?}",
            set["-debug"].val::<bool>()?,
            set["-force"].val::<bool>()?,
            set["-source"].val::<String>()?,
        );
        Ok(Some(true))
    })?;

    install.add_opt("install=c")?;
    install.add_opt("in=c")?;
    install.add_opt("-debug=b")?;
    install.add_opt("-/override=b")?.add_alias("-/o");
    install.add_opt("-source=s")?.add_alias("-s");
    install.add_opt("name=p!@2")?.on(|set, ctx| {
        let val = ctx.value::<String>()?;
        if val == "software" {
            println!(
                "invoke install command: debug={:?}, override={:?}, source={:?}",
                set["-debug"].val::<bool>()?,
                set["-/override"].val::<bool>()?,
                set["-source"].val::<String>()?,
            );
            Ok(Some(val))
        } else {
            Err(aopt::error!("command not matched"))
        }
    })?;

    getopt!(Args::from_env(), &mut list, &mut update, &mut install)?;
    Ok(())
}

• app.exe ls -debug output

  invoke list command: debug=true, force=false, local-only=false, source="lib.rs"

• app.exe update -force -source=crates.io output

  invoke update command: debug=false, force=true, source="crates.io"

• app.exe in software -/o -s crates.io output

  invoke install command: debug=false, override=true, source="crates.io"

• app.exe in aopt output

  Error: command not matched

Can support different policy

use aopt::prelude::*;
use aopt::error;
use aopt::value::raw2str;
use aopt::Error;

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    #[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
    pub enum Magic {
        Upper,
        #[default]
        Lower,
        Camel,
    }

    impl Magic {
        pub fn piu(&self, val: &str) -> String {
            match self {
                Magic::Upper => val.to_uppercase(),
                Magic::Lower => val.to_lowercase(),
                Magic::Camel => {
                    let val = val.to_lowercase();
                    let mut chars = val.chars();

                    format!(
                        "{}{}",
                        chars.next().unwrap_or_default().to_uppercase(),
                        chars.collect::<String>()
                    )
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Implement RawValParser for type Magic
    impl RawValParser for Magic {
        type Error = Error;

        fn parse(raw: Option<&OsStr>, _: &Ctx) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
            let mode = raw2str(raw)?.to_lowercase();

            match mode.as_str() {
                "upper" => Ok(Self::Upper),
                "lower" => Ok(Self::Lower),
                "camel" => Ok(Self::Camel),
                _ => Err(error!("What do you want? wahaha")),
            }
        }
    }

    let mut set = AHCSet::default();

    // using MutOpt for type only implement RawValParser
    set.add_opt("-m;--magic".infer::<MutOpt<Magic>>())?;
    set.add_opt("file@*".infer::<Pos<String>>())?
        .on(|set, ctx| {
            let val = ctx.value::<String>()?;
            let magic = set.take_val::<Magic>("-m").unwrap_or_default();

            Ok(Some(magic.piu(&val)))
        })?;

    let args = [
        "app", "-mcamel", "html", "--magic", "lower", "png", "TXT", "-m=upper", "mp4",
    ];

    // using seq policy
    let mut seq = ASeqPolicy::default();

    assert!(set.parse_policy(Args::from(args), &mut seq)?.ok().is_ok());
    assert_eq!(
        set.take_vals::<String>("file")?,
        &["Html", "png", "txt", "MP4"]
    );

    // using fwd policy
    let mut fwd = AFwdPolicy::default();

    assert!(set.parse_policy(Args::from(args), &mut fwd)?.ok().is_ok());
    assert_eq!(
        set.take_vals::<String>("file")?,
        &["HTML", "png", "Txt", "mp4"]
    );

    // using delay policy
    let mut delay = ADelayPolicy::default();

    assert!(set.parse_policy(Args::from(args), &mut delay)?.ok().is_ok());
    assert_eq!(
        set.take_vals::<String>("file")?,
        &["html", "png", "txt", "mp4"]
    );

    Ok(())
}

Simple flow chart

                     +---------------------------------------+
                     |             Policy                    |
                     |                                       |
+--------------+     |  +-----------+     +------------+     |                +-------------+
|              |     |  |           |     |            |     |   Invoke       |             |
|   Arguments  +---->|  |  Checker  |     |   Process  |<----+----------------+   Invoker   |
|              |     |  |           |     |            |     |   the callback |             |
+--------------+     |  +---^-------+     ++-----^-----+     |                +-------------+
                     |      |              |     |           |
                     |      |              |     |           |
                     +------+--------------+-----+-----------+
                            |              |     |
                            |              |     |
                            |  Save the values   |Process the arguments
                            |              |     |
                            |              |     |
                Check the options          |     |
                            |              |     |
                            |              |     |
                            |         +----v-----+-----------+
                            |         |                      |
                            +---------+      Option Set      |
                                      |                      |
                                      +----------------------+

More examples

• aopt examples or cote examples

• simple-find-file

A simple file search tools, try it using cargo install --path simple-find-file.

• snowball-follow

Get the follow count of stock in xueqiu.com, try it using cargo install --path snowball-follow

• index constituent

Search and list the constituent of index, try it using cargo install --path index-constituent

Release log

Follow the link.

LICENSE

MPL-2.0