https://docs.rs/nacm-validator

NACM Validator

A Rust implementation of NACM (Network Access Control Model) validator as defined in RFC 8341, with support for Tail-f ACM extensions for command-based access control. This library and CLI tool demonstrate parsing real NACM XML configurations and validating access requests against defined rules.

Installation

The NACM Validator provides both a library (nacm-validator) for developers and a command-line tool (nacm-validator) for end users.

Installing the CLI Tool

The CLI tool is now published to crates.io! Install it with:

cargo install nacm-validator-cli

This will install the nacm-validator binary to ~/.cargo/bin/ (make sure it's in your PATH).

Alternatively, you can install from source:

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/etnt/nacm-validator.git
cd nacm-validator

# Install the CLI tool globally from source
cargo install --path nacm-validator-bin

After installation, you can run the tool from anywhere:

nacm-validator --help

Using the Library

To use the validator library in your own Rust project, add it to your Cargo.toml:

[dependencies]
nacm-validator = "0.2"

You can also use the git dependency for the latest development version:

[dependencies]
# For the latest published version (recommended):
nacm-validator = "0.2"

# Or for the latest development version:
# nacm-validator = { git = "https://github.com/etnt/nacm-validator.git", package = "nacm-validator" }

Then import the library in your Rust code:

use nacm_validator::{NacmConfig, AccessRequest, Operation, RequestContext};

Development Setup

If you want to develop or contribute to the project:

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/etnt/nacm-validator.git
cd nacm-validator

# Build the workspace (both library and CLI)
cargo build

# Run tests
cargo test

# Build documentation
cargo doc --open

# Run examples
cargo run --example tailf_acm_demo

Quick Start

CLI Tool - Multiple Configuration Files (NEW!)

The NACM Validator now supports loading and merging multiple configuration files from a directory, enabling modular configuration management:

# Load multiple configuration files from a directory
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config-dir nacm-validator-bin/examples/test-configs \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --verbose
# Output: Loads and merges all XML files in nacm-validator-bin/examples/test-configs/ directory

# Run the comprehensive multiple files demo
./nacm-validator-bin/examples/multiple_files_demo.sh

# Traditional single file still works (backward compatible)
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config single-config.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read

Key Benefits of Multiple Files:

• 🔧 Modular Configuration: Split settings across logical files
• 👥 Team Collaboration: Different teams manage separate files
• 🌍 Environment-Specific: Override settings per environment
• 🔄 YANG Compliance: Proper YANG merge semantics implementation
• ⚠️ Error Resilience: Invalid files don't break entire configuration
• 🔙 Backward Compatible: Single file mode still fully supported

Multiple Files Configuration Structure

The nacm-validator-bin/examples/test-configs/ directory demonstrates a typical modular setup:

nacm-validator-bin/examples/test-configs/
├── 01-base.xml          # Base NACM settings and admin group
├── 02-operators.xml     # Operator groups and data access rules  
├── 03-commands.xml      # Command-based access rules (Tail-f ACM)
├── invalid.xml          # Invalid XML to demonstrate error handling
└── test-file.xml        # Additional config to show merging capabilities

File Processing Rules:

• Files are processed in alphabetical order (01-, 02-, 03-, etc.)
• YANG merge semantics: Global settings use last-wins, groups/rules are additive
• Error resilience: Invalid files are skipped with warnings
• Rule precedence: Later files get higher precedence numbers automatically

Example Multiple Files Usage

# Load all configurations and show merge results
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config-dir nacm-validator-bin/examples/test-configs \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --verbose

# Output shows:
# Loading config directory: "nacm-validator-bin/examples/test-configs"
# Found 5 XML configuration files:
#   1. "01-base.xml"
#   2. "02-operators.xml" 
#   3. "03-commands.xml"
#   4. "invalid.xml"
#   5. "test-file.xml"
# ✓ Successfully loaded: "01-base.xml"
# ✓ Successfully loaded: "02-operators.xml"
# ✓ Successfully loaded: "03-commands.xml"
# ✗ Failed to load "invalid.xml": Syntax error...
# ✓ Successfully loaded: "test-file.xml"
# Warning: 1 out of 5 files failed to load, continuing with 4 valid configurations
# Merging 4 configurations...
# ✓ Configuration merge completed
#   - 4 groups loaded
#   - 3 rule lists loaded
#   - 3 total rules loaded

CLI Tool - Traditional NACM

# Build the CLI tool (if developing from source)
cargo build --release

# Test data access (standard NACM)
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config nacm-validator-lib/examples/data/aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml \
    --user admin \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config \
    --context netconf
# Output: PERMIT

# Test with denied user  
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config nacm-validator-lib/examples/data/aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml \
    --user unknown \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config \
    --context netconf
# Output: DENY (exit code 1)

CLI Tool - Tail-f ACM Extensions

# Test command-based access control
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config nacm-validator-lib/examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context cli \
    --command "show status"
# Output: PERMIT [LOGGED]

# Test context-aware access
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config nacm-validator-lib/examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context netconf \
    --module "ietf-interfaces" \
    --path "/interfaces"
# Output: PERMIT [LOGGED]

# JSON batch processing with enhanced fields
echo '{"user":"alice","operation":"read","context":"cli","command":"show status"}' | \
    ./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config nacm-validator-lib/examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --json-input
# Output: {"decision":"permit","user":"alice","context":"cli","command":"show status","should_log":true,...}

Library Usage

use nacm_validator::{AccessRequest, NacmConfig, Operation, RequestContext};

let config = NacmConfig::from_xml(&xml_content)?;
let context = RequestContext::CLI;

let request = AccessRequest {
    user: "alice",
    operation: Operation::Read,
    context: Some(&context),
    command: Some("show status"),
    module_name: None,
    rpc_name: None,
    path: None,
};

let result = config.validate(&request);
println!("Access {}: {}", 
         if result.effect == nacm_validator::RuleEffect::Permit { "GRANTED" } else { "DENIED" },
         if result.should_log { "[LOGGED]" } else { "" });

Run Examples

# NEW: Multiple files configuration demo
./nacm-validator-bin/examples/multiple_files_demo.sh

# Comprehensive feature demonstration
cargo run --example tailf_acm_comprehensive_demo

# Interactive shell examples  
cd nacm-validator-bin/examples && bash bash_examples.sh

# JSON batch processing
cd nacm-validator-bin/examples && bash json_batch_example.sh

🚀 Features

NEW: Multiple Configuration Files Support

• Directory Loading: Load and merge multiple XML files from a directory using --config-dir
• YANG Merge Semantics: Proper implementation of YANG merge rules for configuration combining
• File Precedence: Alphabetical file ordering determines merge precedence
• Error Resilience: Invalid files are skipped with warnings, valid ones continue processing
• Mutual Exclusion: --config and --config-dir options are mutually exclusive for safety
• Backward Compatible: Existing --config single file usage unchanged
• Team Workflows: Enables modular configuration management and team collaboration

Standard NACM (RFC 8341)

• XML Configuration Parsing: Parse real-world NACM XML configurations
• Rule-based Access Control: Support for permit/deny rules with precedence
• Group Management: User groups with inheritance
• Operation Support: Read, Create, Update, Delete, and Exec operations
• Path Matching: XPath-style path matching for fine-grained access control
• RPC-level Control: Control access to specific NETCONF RPCs
• Module-based Rules: Control access to specific YANG modules

Tail-f ACM Extensions

• Command Rules: Access control for CLI and Web UI operations (<cmdrule>)
• Enhanced Logging: Fine-grained logging control with log-if-permit/log-if-deny
• Context-Aware Rules: Different rules for NETCONF, CLI, WebUI contexts
• Group ID Mapping: OS-level group integration with <gid> mapping
• Command Default Policies: Separate default policies for command operations
• Symmetric Logging: Control logging for both permit and deny decisions

📋 Prerequisites

• Rust toolchain (1.70 or later recommended)
• Cargo package manager

🔧 Building the Project

# Clone the repository
git clone <repository-url>
cd nacm-validator

# Build the project (library and CLI tool)
cargo build

# Build in release mode (optimized)
cargo build --release

# Build just the CLI tool
cargo build --bin nacm-validator

# Build just the library
cargo build --lib

🧪 Running Tests

The project includes comprehensive tests covering XML parsing and access validation:

# Run all tests
cargo test

# Run tests with detailed output
cargo test -- --nocapture

# Run a specific test
cargo test test_real_nacm_xml

# Run tests and show successful test output
cargo test -- --show-output

Test Coverage

The tests include:

• ✅ XML parsing validation
• ✅ Basic rule matching
• ✅ Real-world NACM configuration parsing
• ✅ Access validation scenarios
• ✅ Group membership resolution

📖 Running Examples

Access Validation Example

The main example demonstrates parsing a real NACM XML file and validating various access scenarios:

cargo run --example validate_access

This example shows:

• Loading NACM configuration from XML
• Validating different user access scenarios
• Demonstrating permit/deny decisions based on rules

Tail-f ACM Extensions Demo

Run the comprehensive Tail-f ACM demo to see all the advanced features in action:

cargo run --example tailf_acm_demo

This demo showcases:

• Command rules with context awareness (CLI, WebUI, NETCONF)
• Enhanced logging configuration and validation
• Group ID (GID) mapping for external authentication
• ValidationResult with both access decision and logging information
• Context-specific access control policies

Example Output:

🔧 Tail-f ACM Configuration loaded:
- NACM enabled: true
- Default policies:
  * Data: read=Deny, write=Deny, exec=Deny
  * Commands: cmd_read=Deny, cmd_exec=Deny
- Logging: default_permit=true, default_deny=true
- Groups: ["operators", "admin"]
  * operators (GID: 1000): ["alice", "bob"]
  * admin (GID: 0): ["admin"]
- Rule lists: 2

🔍 Command access validation results:
  ✅ Alice (operator) - CLI show status: PERMIT 📝[LOG]
  ❌ Bob (operator) - CLI reboot: DENY 📝[LOG]
  ✅ Admin - WebUI config backup: PERMIT
...

Example Output:

NACM Configuration loaded:
- NACM enabled: true
- Default policies: read=Deny, write=Deny, exec=Deny
- Groups: ["oper", "admin"]
- Rule lists: 3

Access validation results:
- Admin executing edit-config: ✅ PERMIT
- Oper executing edit-config: ❌ DENY
- Oper modifying NACM config: ❌ DENY
- Guest reading example/misc/data: ✅ PERMIT
- Guest creating example/misc: ✅ PERMIT
- Unknown user reading data: ✅ PERMIT

📁 Project Structure

nacm-validator/
├── nacm-validator-lib/
│   ├── src/lib.rs                          # Main library with Tail-f ACM extensions
│   └── examples/
│       ├── validate_access.rs              # Basic access validation example
│       ├── tailf_acm_demo.rs               # Tail-f ACM features demonstration
│       ├── tailf_acm_comprehensive_demo.rs # Comprehensive feature showcase
│       ├── README.md                       # Examples documentation
│       └── data/
│           ├── aaa_ncm_init.xml            # Basic NACM configuration (insecure)
│           ├── aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml     # Secure NACM configuration  
│           └── tailf_acm_example.xml       # Comprehensive Tail-f ACM example
├── nacm-validator-bin/
│   ├── src/main.rs                         # Enhanced CLI tool with multiple files support
│   └── examples/
│       ├── bash_examples.sh                # Bash integration with Tail-f ACM
│       ├── json_batch_example.sh           # JSON batch processing example
│       ├── multiple_files_demo.sh          # NEW: Multiple files functionality demo
│       └── test-configs/                   # NEW: Example multiple config files
│           ├── 01-base.xml                 # Base configuration
│           ├── 02-operators.xml            # Operator groups and rules
│           ├── 03-commands.xml             # Command-based rules
│           ├── invalid.xml                 # Invalid XML (for error demo)
│           └── test-file.xml               # Additional config (for merging demo)
├── doc/
│   └── rfc-tailf-acm-proposal.md           # Tail-f ACM RFC proposal document
├── Cargo.toml                              # Workspace configuration
└── README.md                               # This file

⚠️ Security Note

The original aaa_ncm_init.xml contains a security vulnerability - it has a catch-all rule that permits access for any user (including unknown users). This is dangerous:

<rule>
  <name>any-access</name>
  <action>permit</action>
</rule>

Testing the Security Issue

# ❌ INSECURE: Unknown user 'bill' gets access with original config
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/aaa_ncm_init.xml \
    --user bill \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config
# Output: PERMIT (this is wrong!)

# ✅ SECURE: Unknown user 'bill' denied with secure config
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml \
    --user bill \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config
# Output: DENY (this is correct!)

Always use aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml for production-like testing.

🛠️ Using as a Library

Add this to your Cargo.toml:

[dependencies]
nacm-validator = "0.2.0"

Basic Library Usage

use nacm_validator::{AccessRequest, NacmConfig, Operation, RequestContext, ValidationResult, RuleEffect};

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // Load NACM configuration from XML
    let xml_content = std::fs::read_to_string("examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml")?;
    let config = NacmConfig::from_xml(&xml_content)?;
    
    // Create a data access request
    let netconf_context = RequestContext::NETCONF;
    let data_request = AccessRequest {
        user: "alice",
        module_name: Some("ietf-interfaces"),
        rpc_name: None,
        operation: Operation::Read,
        path: Some("/interfaces"),
        context: Some(&netconf_context),
        command: None,
    };
    
    // Validate the data request
    let result = config.validate(&data_request);
    println!("Data access {}: {}", 
             if result.effect == RuleEffect::Permit { "PERMITTED" } else { "DENIED" },
             if result.should_log { "[LOGGED]" } else { "" });
    
    // Create a command access request (Tail-f extension)
    let cli_context = RequestContext::CLI;
    let command_request = AccessRequest {
        user: "alice",
        module_name: None,
        rpc_name: None,
        operation: Operation::Read,
        path: None,
        context: Some(&cli_context),
        command: Some("show interfaces"),
    };
    
    // Validate the command request
    let cmd_result = config.validate(&command_request);
    println!("Command access {}: {}", 
             if cmd_result.effect == RuleEffect::Permit { "PERMITTED" } else { "DENIED" },
             if cmd_result.should_log { "[LOGGED]" } else { "" });
    
    Ok(())
}

Advanced Library Usage with Context Awareness

use nacm_validator::{AccessRequest, NacmConfig, Operation, RequestContext, ValidationResult};

fn validate_multi_context_access(config: &NacmConfig, user: &str, command: &str) {
    let contexts = [
        ("CLI", RequestContext::CLI),
        ("WebUI", RequestContext::WebUI), 
        ("NETCONF", RequestContext::NETCONF),
    ];
    
    println!("Validating command '{}' for user '{}' across contexts:", command, user);
    
    for (name, context) in contexts {
        let request = AccessRequest {
            user,
            module_name: None,
            rpc_name: None,
            operation: Operation::Read,
            path: None,
            context: Some(&context),
            command: Some(command),
        };
        
        let result = config.validate(&request);
        let status = if result.effect == nacm_validator::RuleEffect::Permit { "✅ PERMIT" } else { "❌ DENY" };
        let log_indicator = if result.should_log { " [LOGGED]" } else { "" };
        
        println!("  {}: {}{}", name, status, log_indicator);
    }
}

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let xml_content = std::fs::read_to_string("examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml")?;
    let config = NacmConfig::from_xml(&xml_content)?;
    
    // Test command access across different contexts
    validate_multi_context_access(&config, "alice", "show status");
    validate_multi_context_access(&config, "bob", "reboot");
    validate_multi_context_access(&config, "charlie", "help");
    
    Ok(())
}

The validate() method returns a ValidationResult struct containing:

• effect: RuleEffect::Permit or RuleEffect::Deny
• should_log: Whether this decision should be logged based on the rule's logging configuration (Tail-f ACM extension)

Key Tail-f ACM Features

Command Rules Priority

Command rules take priority over data access rules when a command is specified:

let request = AccessRequest {
    user: "alice",
    module_name: Some("ietf-interfaces"), // This would normally match data rules
    rpc_name: None,
    operation: Operation::Read,
    path: Some("/interfaces"),
    context: Some(&RequestContext::CLI),
    command: Some("show status"), // Command rules take priority
};

// The validator will check command rules first, then fall back to data rules
let result = config.validate(&request);

Enhanced Logging Control

Rules can specify granular logging behavior:

// Check if access decision should be logged
let result = config.validate(&request);
if result.should_log {
    log::info!("Access {} for user {} on command {:?}", 
               if result.effect == RuleEffect::Permit { "granted" } else { "denied" },
               request.user,
               request.command);
}

Group ID Integration

Groups can include GID mapping for OS-level integration:

// Configuration parsing includes GID information
let config = NacmConfig::from_xml(&xml_content)?;
for (group_name, group) in &config.groups {
    if let Some(gid) = group.gid {
        println!("Group {} maps to OS GID {}", group_name, gid);
    }
}

Quick CLI Usage

# Build the CLI tool
cargo build --bin nacm-validator

# Validate a simple request (using secure config)
cargo run --bin nacm-validator -- \
    --config examples/data/aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml \
    --user admin \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config
# Output: PERMIT (exit code 0)

# Test denied access
cargo run --bin nacm-validator -- \
    --config examples/data/aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml \
    --user oper \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config
# Output: DENY (exit code 1)

# Test unknown user (should be denied)
cargo run --bin nacm-validator -- \
    --config examples/data/aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml \
    --user unknown \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config  
# Output: DENY (exit code 1)

📚 API Documentation

Generate and view the complete API documentation:

cargo doc --open

This opens the documentation in your browser, showing all available types, traits, and functions.

🧩 Core Types

Key Structures

Standard NACM Types

• NacmConfig: Main configuration containing groups, rule lists, and policies
• NacmRule: Individual data access control rule
• NacmRuleList: Named collection of rules applying to specific groups
• NacmGroup: User group definition with member list
• AccessRequest: Represents an access attempt with context information
• RuleEffect: Permit or Deny decision
• Operation: CRUD + Exec operations

Tail-f ACM Extensions

• NacmCommandRule: Command-based access control rule
• RequestContext: Management interface context (CLI, NETCONF, WebUI)
• ValidationResult: Enhanced result with access decision and logging flag

Enhanced AccessRequest Structure

AccessRequest {
    user: "alice",                           // Username making the request
    module_name: Some("ietf-interfaces"),    // YANG module (for data access)
    rpc_name: Some("edit-config"),           // RPC name (for RPC operations)  
    operation: Operation::Read,              // Type of operation
    path: Some("/interfaces/*"),             // XPath or data path
    context: Some(&RequestContext::CLI),     // Request context (Tail-f ACM)
    command: Some("show status"),            // Command (Tail-f ACM)
}

Enhanced ValidationResult

ValidationResult {
    effect: RuleEffect::Permit,              // Access decision
    should_log: true,                        // Whether to log this decision (Tail-f ACM)
}

Example Rule Structures

Standard Data Access Rule

NacmRule {
    name: "allow-admin-read".to_string(),
    module_name: Some("ietf-interfaces".to_string()),
    rpc_name: None,
    path: Some("/interfaces/*".to_string()),
    access_operations: [Operation::Read].into(),
    effect: RuleEffect::Permit,
    order: 10,
    context: None,                           // Apply to all contexts
    log_if_permit: false,                    // Don't log permits
    log_if_deny: false,                      // Don't log denies
}

Tail-f ACM Command Rule

NacmCommandRule {
    name: "cli-show-commands".to_string(),
    context: Some("cli".to_string()),        // Apply only to CLI context
    command: Some("show *".to_string()),     // Wildcard command matching
    access_operations: [Operation::Read].into(),
    effect: RuleEffect::Permit,
    order: 10,
    log_if_permit: true,                     // Log successful commands
    log_if_deny: true,                       // Log blocked commands
    comment: Some("Allow operators to view system state".to_string()),
}

Enhanced Group with GID

NacmGroup {
    name: "operators".to_string(),
    users: vec!["alice".to_string(), "bob".to_string()],
    gid: Some(1000),                         // OS group ID mapping (Tail-f ACM)
}

Request Context Enum

pub enum RequestContext {
    NETCONF,           // NETCONF protocol access
    CLI,               // Command-line interface access
    WebUI,             // Web-based user interface access
    Other(String),     // Custom interface
}

// Context matching supports wildcards
context.matches("*")     // Matches any context
context.matches("cli")   // Matches CLI exactly

�️ Command Line Interface

The project includes a powerful CLI tool with full support for Tail-f ACM extensions, enabling both traditional data access validation and command-based access control from bash scripts and automation.

Building the CLI

# Build the CLI tool
cargo build --bin nacm-validator

# Build optimized version
cargo build --bin nacm-validator --release

# The binary will be available at:
# ./target/debug/nacm-validator (debug build)
# ./target/release/nacm-validator (release build)

Basic Usage

# Standard NACM data access validation
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/aaa_ncm_init_secure.xml \
    --user admin \
    --operation exec \
    --rpc edit-config

# Tail-f ACM command access validation
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context cli \
    --command "show status"

# Context-aware data access
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context netconf \
    --module "ietf-interfaces" \
    --path "/interfaces"

# Output: PERMIT [LOGGED] or DENY [LOGGED] - shows logging indicator

CLI Options

Options:
  -c, --config <CONFIG>        Path to the NACM XML configuration file
      --config-dir <DIR>       Path to directory containing multiple XML files (NEW!)
  -u, --user <USER>            Username making the request
  -m, --module <MODULE>        Module name (optional)
  -r, --rpc <RPC>              RPC name (optional)
  -o, --operation <OPERATION>  Operation type [read, create, update, delete, exec]
  -p, --path <PATH>            Path (optional)
  -x, --context <CONTEXT>      Request context [netconf, cli, webui] (Tail-f ACM)
  -C, --command <COMMAND>      Command being executed (Tail-f ACM)
      --format <FORMAT>        Output format [text, json, exit-code]
  -v, --verbose                Verbose output
      --json-input             JSON input mode - read requests from stdin

Multiple Files Usage:

# Load all XML files from directory (NEW!)
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config-dir /etc/nacm/configs.d \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --verbose

# Files are processed alphabetically: 01-base.xml, 02-groups.xml, etc.
# Later files can override settings from earlier files (YANG merge semantics)

# Cannot combine both options (mutual exclusion)
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config single.xml \
    --config-dir multi/ \
    --user alice --operation read
# Error: cannot use both --config and --config-dir

Enhanced Features

Context-Aware Validation

# Different contexts may have different access policies
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context cli \
    --command "show status"
# Output: PERMIT [LOGGED]

./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context netconf \
    --module "ietf-interfaces"
# Output: PERMIT [LOGGED]

Enhanced JSON I/O

# JSON input with Tail-f ACM fields
echo '{"user":"alice","operation":"read","context":"cli","command":"show status"}' | \
    ./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --json-input

# Output includes enhanced fields:
{
  "decision": "permit",
  "user": "alice",
  "operation": "read",
  "context": "cli",
  "command": "show status",
  "should_log": true,
  "config_loaded": true
}

Bash Script Integration

Exit Code Based Validation with Context

#!/bin/bash
CONFIG="examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml"

# Command-based validation
if ./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config "$CONFIG" \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context cli \
    --command "show status" \
    --format exit-code; then
    echo "CLI command access granted"
else
    echo "CLI command access denied"
fi

# Context-aware function
validate_command() {
    local user="$1"
    local context="$2" 
    local command="$3"
    
    if ./target/release/nacm-validator \
        --config "$CONFIG" \
        --user "$user" \
        --operation read \
        --context "$context" \
        --command "$command" \
        --format exit-code; then
        echo "✅ $user can execute '$command' via $context"
    else
        echo "❌ $user cannot execute '$command' via $context"
    fi
}

validate_command "alice" "cli" "show status"
validate_command "alice" "webui" "help"
validate_command "charlie" "cli" "show status"

JSON Processing with Enhanced Fields

# Process enhanced JSON output
JSON_OUTPUT=$(./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --user alice \
    --operation read \
    --context cli \
    --command "show interfaces" \
    --format json)

# Extract enhanced fields
DECISION=$(echo "$JSON_OUTPUT" | jq -r '.decision')
SHOULD_LOG=$(echo "$JSON_OUTPUT" | jq -r '.should_log')
CONTEXT=$(echo "$JSON_OUTPUT" | jq -r '.context')
COMMAND=$(echo "$JSON_OUTPUT" | jq -r '.command')

echo "Decision: $DECISION"
echo "Should log: $SHOULD_LOG" 
echo "Context: $CONTEXT"
echo "Command: $COMMAND"

Batch Processing with Tail-f ACM

# Create batch requests with enhanced fields
cat > requests.json << 'EOF'
{"user": "alice", "operation": "read", "context": "cli", "command": "show status"}
{"user": "bob", "operation": "exec", "context": "cli", "command": "reboot"}
{"user": "admin", "operation": "read", "context": "netconf", "module": "ietf-interfaces"}
{"user": "charlie", "operation": "read", "context": "webui", "command": "help"}
EOF

# Process batch requests
./target/release/nacm-validator \
    --config examples/data/tailf_acm_example.xml \
    --json-input < requests.json

# Output shows enhanced information:
{"decision":"permit","user":"alice","operation":"read","context":"cli","command":"show status","should_log":true,"config_loaded":true}
{"decision":"deny","user":"bob","operation":"exec","context":"cli","command":"reboot","should_log":true,"config_loaded":true}
{"decision":"permit","user":"admin","operation":"read","context":"netconf","module":"ietf-interfaces","should_log":false,"config_loaded":true}
{"decision":"deny","user":"charlie","operation":"read","context":"webui","command":"help","should_log":true,"config_loaded":true}

Example Scripts and Programs

The project includes comprehensive working examples demonstrating all features:

Rust Examples

# Standard NACM access validation with context awareness
cargo run --example validate_access

# Focused Tail-f ACM extensions demonstration  
cargo run --example tailf_acm_demo

# Comprehensive Tail-f ACM feature showcase
cargo run --example tailf_acm_comprehensive_demo

Shell Script Examples

# Interactive bash integration examples with Tail-f ACM
cd nacm-validator-bin/examples && bash bash_examples.sh

# JSON batch processing with enhanced fields
cd nacm-validator-bin/examples && bash json_batch_example.sh

Example Outputs

Standard Validation:

NACM Configuration loaded:
- NACM enabled: true
- Standard defaults: read=Deny, write=Deny, exec=Deny
- Command defaults: cmd_read=Permit, cmd_exec=Permit
- Groups: ["oper", "admin"]
- Rule lists: 3

Access validation results:
- Admin executing edit-config (NETCONF): ✅ PERMIT
- Alice - CLI read interfaces (no command rule): ❌ DENY [LOGGED]
- Admin via WebUI (no command - should use data rules): ✅ PERMIT

Comprehensive Tail-f ACM Demo:

🔧 Comprehensive Tail-f ACM Extensions Demo
==================================================
📋 Configuration Summary:
- NACM enabled: true
- Standard defaults: read=Deny, write=Deny, exec=Deny
- Command defaults: cmd_read=Deny, cmd_exec=Deny
- Logging: default_permit=true, default_deny=true

👥 Groups:
  operators (GID: 1000): ["alice", "bob"]
  admin (GID: 0): ["admin"]

📜 Rule Lists:
  1. operator-rules (groups: ["operators"])
     - Standard rules: 1
       • read-interfaces -> Permit [context: netconf]
     - Command rules: 4
       • cli-show-status -> Permit [context: cli] [command: show status]
       • any-help -> Permit [context: *] [command: help]

🧪 Test Scenarios:

1️⃣ Command-Based Access Control:
   ✅ alice (operator) - CLI 'show status': Permit 📝
   ❌ charlie (not in group) - CLI 'show status': Deny 📝
   ✅ admin - CLI 'reboot' (exec operation): Permit

2️⃣ Context-Aware Data Access:  
   ✅ alice - NETCONF read interfaces: Permit 📝
   ❌ alice - CLI read interfaces (no command rule): Deny 📝
   ❌ alice - WebUI read interfaces (no command rule): Deny 📝

These examples demonstrate:

• ✅ Standard NACM access validation with real configurations
• ✅ Tail-f ACM command rules with context awareness
• ✅ ValidationResult usage with logging information
• ✅ CLI integration with exit codes and enhanced output
• ✅ JSON I/O processing with extended fields
• ✅ Batch request processing with context support
• ✅ Error handling for invalid contexts and commands
• ✅ Multi-interface access control simulation
• ✅ Group ID mapping and OS integration patterns

🔍 Development

Adding New Tests

Tests are located in src/lib.rs within the #[cfg(test)] module:

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    
    #[test]
    fn test_my_scenario() {
        // Your test here
    }
}

Creating New Examples

Add new examples in the examples/ directory:

// examples/my_example.rs
use nacm_validator::*;

fn main() {
    // Your example code
}

Run with: cargo run --example my_example

📄 License

This project is licensed under the Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL-2.0). See the LICENSE file for details.

This is a prototype implementation for educational and research purposes.

🤝 Contributing

This is a prototype project. Feel free to experiment and extend the functionality!

Development Commands

# Format code
cargo fmt

# Run clippy for lints
cargo clippy

# Check without building
cargo check

# Clean build artifacts
cargo clean

📖 References

• RFC 8341 - Network Configuration Access Control Model
• YANG Data Modeling Language
• NETCONF Protocol
• Tail-f ACM Extensions Proposal

✨ What Makes This Implementation Special

🎯 Production-Ready Features

• Real-World XML Parsing: Handles actual NACM configurations from network devices
• Comprehensive Rule Support: All RFC 8341 rule types with proper precedence
• Robust Error Handling: Graceful parsing errors and validation feedback
• Performance Optimized: Rust's zero-cost abstractions for high-performance validation

🚀 Advanced Tail-f ACM Extensions

• Command-Based Rules: First-class support for CLI/WebUI command validation
• Context Awareness: Different policies for different management interfaces
• Enhanced Logging: Granular audit trail control with log-if-permit/log-if-deny
• OS Integration: Group ID mapping for external authentication systems
• Backward Compatible: Seamless integration with existing NACM deployments

🛠️ Developer Experience

• Dual Interface: Both library API and CLI tool for maximum flexibility
• Rich Documentation: Comprehensive examples and API documentation
• Type Safety: Rust's type system prevents common access control bugs
• Test Coverage: Extensive test suite with real-world scenarios
• Shell Integration: Exit codes and JSON I/O for seamless automation

📊 Integration Patterns

• Shell Scripting: Exit codes and silent modes for bash automation
• Web APIs: JSON batch processing for REST service integration
• CLI Tools: Context-aware validation for management interface security
• Audit Systems: Enhanced logging for compliance and security monitoring
• Multi-Tenant: Group-based access control for shared infrastructure

This implementation bridges the gap between academic NACM specifications and real-world network device security requirements, making enterprise-grade access control accessible to Rust developers and system integrators.