wry

Cross-platform WebView rendering library in Rust that supports all major desktop platforms like Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Overview

WRY connects the web engine on each platform and provides easy to use and unified interface to render WebView. The webview requires a running event loop and a window type that implements HasWindowHandle, or a gtk container widget if you need to support X11 and Wayland. You can use a windowing library like tao or winit.

Usage

The minimum example to create a Window and browse a website looks like following:

fn main() -> wry::Result<()> {
  use tao::{
    event::{Event, StartCause, WindowEvent},
    event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoop},
    window::WindowBuilder,
  };
  use wry::WebViewBuilder;

  let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
  let window = WindowBuilder::new()
    .with_title("Hello World")
    .build(&event_loop)
    .unwrap();

  let webview = WebViewBuilder::new()
    .with_url("https://tauri.app")
    .build(&window)?;

  event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
    *control_flow = ControlFlow::Wait;

    match event {
      Event::NewEvents(StartCause::Init) => println!("Wry has started!"),
      Event::WindowEvent {
        event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,
        ..
      } => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit,
      _ => (),
    }
  });
}

There are also more samples under examples, you can enter commands like the following to try them:

cargo run --example multiwindow

For more information, please read the documentation below.

Documentation

Platform-specific notes

Here is the underlying web engine each platform uses, and some dependencies you might need to install.

Linux

Wry also needs WebKitGTK for WebView. So please make sure the following packages are installed:

Arch Linux / Manjaro:

sudo pacman -S webkit2gtk-4.1

Debian / Ubuntu:

sudo apt install libwebkit2gtk-4.1-dev

Fedora

sudo dnf install gtk3-devel webkit2gtk4.1-devel

Nix & NixOS

# shell.nix

let
   # Unstable Channel | Rolling Release
   pkgs = import (fetchTarball("channel:nixpkgs-unstable")) { };
   packages = with pkgs; [
     pkg-config
     webkitgtk_4_1
   ];
 in
 pkgs.mkShell {
   buildInputs = packages;
 }

nix-shell shell.nix

GUIX

;; manifest.scm

(specifications->manifest
  '("pkg-config"                ; Helper tool used when compiling
    "webkitgtk"                 ; Web content engine fot GTK+
 ))

guix shell -m manifest.scm

macOS

WebKit is native on macOS so everything should be fine.

If you are cross-compiling for macOS using osxcross and encounter a runtime panic like Class with name WKWebViewConfiguration could not be found it's possible that WebKit.framework has not been linked correctly, to fix this set the RUSTFLAGS environment variable:

RUSTFLAGS="-l framework=WebKit" cargo build --target=x86_64-apple-darwin --release

Windows

WebView2 provided by Microsoft Edge Chromium is used. So wry supports Windows 7, 8, 10 and 11.

Android / iOS

Wry supports mobile with the help of cargo-mobile2 CLI to create template project. If you are interested in playing or hacking it, please follow MOBILE.md.

If you wish to create Android project yourself, there is a few requirements that your application needs to uphold:

1. You need to set a few environment variables that will be used to generate the necessary kotlin files that you need to include in your Android application for wry to function properly:

   • WRY_ANDROID_PACKAGE: which is the reversed domain name of your android project and the app name in snake_case, for example, com.wry.example.wry_app
   • WRY_ANDROID_LIBRARY: for example, if your cargo project has a lib name wry_app, it will generate libwry_app.so so you set this env var to wry_app
   • WRY_ANDROID_KOTLIN_FILES_OUT_DIR: for example, path/to/app/src/main/kotlin/com/wry/example

2. Your main Android Activity needs to inherit AppCompatActivity, preferably it should use the generated WryActivity or inherit it.

3. Your Rust app needs to call wry::android_setup function to setup the necessary logic to be able to create webviews later on.

4. Your Rust app needs to call wry::android_binding! macro to setup the JNI functions that will be called by WryActivity and various other places.

It is recommended to use tao crate as it provides maximum compatibility with wry

#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
{
  tao::android_binding!(
      com_example,
      wry_app,
      WryActivity,
      wry::android_setup, // pass the wry::android_setup function to tao which will invoke when the event loop is created
      _start_app
  );
  wry::android_binding!(com_example, ttt);
}

• WRY_ANDROID_PACKAGE which is the reversed domain name of your android project and the app name in snake_case for example: com.wry.example.wry_app
• WRY_ANDROID_LIBRARY for example: if your cargo project has a lib name wry_app, it will generate libwry_app.so so you set this env var to wry_app
• WRY_ANDROID_KOTLIN_FILES_OUT_DIR for example: path/to/app/src/main/kotlin/com/wry/example

Partners

For the complete list of sponsors please visit our website and Open Collective.

License

Apache-2.0/MIT